[原创]波谱分析英文翻译

2024年1月26日发(作者：)

Differences in Pulse Spectrum Analysis Between Atopic Dermatitis and

Nonatopic Healthy ChildrenAbstractObjectives: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common allergy that causes the skin to be

dry and itchy. It appears at an early age, and is closely associated with asthma and

allergic rhinitis. Thus, AD is an indicator that other allergies may occur later.

Literatures indicate that the molecular basis of patients with AD is different from that

of healthy individuals. According to the classics of Traditional Chinese Medicine, the

body constitution of patients with AD is also different. The purpose of this study is to

determine the differences in pulse spectrum analysis between patients with AD and

nonatopic healthy individuals.

Methods: A total of 60 children (30 AD and 30 non-AD) were recruited for this study.

A pulse spectrum analyzer (SKYLARK PDS-2000 Pulse Analysis System) was used to

measure radial arterial pulse waves of al data were then transformed

to frequency spectrum by Fourier transformation. The relative strength of each

harmonic wave was calculated. Moreover, the differences of harmonic values

between patients with AD and non-atopic healthy individuals were compared and

contrasted.

Results: This study showed that harmonic values and harmonic percentage of C3

(Spleen Meridian, according to Wang’s hypothesis) were significantly different.

Conclusions: These results demonstrate that C3 (Spleen Meridian) is a good index

for the determination of atopic dermatitis. Furthermore, this study demonstrates that

the pulse spectrum analyzer is a valuable auxiliary tool to distinguish a patient who

has probable tendency to have AD and/or other allergic diseases.

Introduction

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common pruritic chronic inflammatory allergic disease.

Approximately 10% of all children in the world are affected by atopic

dermatitis,typically in the setting of a personal or family history of asthma or allergic

rhinitis. It occurs in infancy and early childhood. Sixty percent (60%) of the

symptoms manifest in the first year of life, and 85% by 5 years of age. Early onset

and close association with other atopic conditions, such as asthma and allergic

rhinitis, make atopic dermatitis an excellent indicator that other allergies may occur

later.

A number of observations suggest that there is a molecular basis for atopic

dermatitis; these include the findings of genetic susceptibility, immune system

deviation, and epidermal barrier dysfunction. Moreover, according to the classics of

Traditional Chinese Medicine, the body constitution of atopic dermatitis patients was

also different. Establishment of scientific methods using pulse diagnosis will assist

the diagnosis and follow-up of AD.

"Organs Resonance"brought up by Wei-Kung Wang provided a scientific explanation

for "pulse condition" and "Qi." Organs, heart, and vessels can produce coupled oscil-

lation, which minimize the resistance of blood flow, resulting in better circulation.

The changes of radial arterial pulse spectrum can reflect the harmonic energy

redistribution of a specific organ. Several of the previous studies demonstrate that

variations in the harmonics of pulse spectrum can be used in many fields, including

diseases, acupuncture,Chinese herbal medications and clinical observation. The new

method offers an extraordinary vision of medical investigation by combining pulse

spectrum analysis with Traditional Chinese Medicine as well as modern medicine.

Wang proposed that the peak values of numbered harmonics might be the

representations of each visceral organ,C1 for Liver, C2 for Kidney, C3 for Spleen, etc.

Materials and Methods

Subjects

In total, 60 children (3–15 years of age), comprising 30 with AD (AD group) and 30

nonatopic healthy (non-AD group),participated in the study. The diagnosis of AD was

based on the criteria defined by the United Kingdom working pic healthy

was defined as those who had no known health problems and no personal or family

history of allergic diseases, such as asthma, allergic rhinitis, etc.

The experiment protocol was approved by the Institutional Review Board of China

Medical University (approval number: DMR97-IRB-087). The written informed

consents were obtained from the parents of all participants before they enrolled in

this study.

Children with a history of major chronic diseases, such as arrhythmia, ardiomyopathy,

hypertension, diabetes mellitus, chronic renal failure, hyperthyroidism, difficult

asthma,malignancy, and so on were excluded from this study.

Those who suffered from any acute disease (e.g., acute upper airway infection or

acute gastroenteritis in recent 7days), were also excluded from this experiment.

Radial arterial pulse test

A pulse spectrum analyzer (SKYLARK PDS-2000 Pulse Analysis System, approved by

Department of Health, Executive Yuan, R.O.C. [Taiwan] with a license number

0023302) was used to record radial arterial pulse waves. The pressure transducer of

the pulse spectrum analyzer detected artery pressure pulse with 100-Hz sampling

rate and 25mm/ sec scanning rate. The output data were stored in digital form in an

IBM PC. The subjects were asked to rest for 20 minutes prior to pulse measurements.

All procedures were performed in a bright and quiet room with a constant

temperature of 258C–268C. Pulses were recorded during 3:00 pm–5:00 pm to avoid

the fasting or ingestion effect.

Data processing

We transformed original data to spectrum data by Fourier transform as Wang et al

described fly, original data were stored as time-amplitude. Mathematics

software Matlab 6.5.1 (The MathWorks Inc.) provided Fast Fourier Transformation

(FFT) technique to transform time-amplitude data to frequency-amplitude data. Then

regular isolated harmonic in a multiple of fundamental frequency

finding gave a spectrum reading up to the 10th harmonic (Cn, n¼0–10). Intensity of

harmonics above the 11th became very small and was neglected. Thereafter, the

relative harmonic values of each harmonic were calculated ac-

cording to Wang’s ic percentage of Cn was defined as

Statistical analysis

The experimental data were analyzed by Statistical software SPSS 13.0 for Windows

(SPSS Inc.). Comparisons of the harmonic values and the harmonic percentage and

the agedistribution between patients with AD and nonatopic healthy individuals were

performed using the Student's two samples t test. Comparisons of the sex

distribution between patients with AD and nonatopic healthy individuals were

performed using the X2 test. Comparisons of the harmonic values and the harmonic

percentage between left hand and right hand were performed using the Student's

pairedsamples t test. All comparisons were two-tailed, and p<0.05 was considered to

be statistically significant.

Results

In total, 60 children (30 AD and 30 non-AD) participated in the study. The average

age of the 60 subjects is 8.02+2.95 years. Baseline characteristics of all participants

are shown in Table 1. There is no significant difference in age and gender between

the two groups.

Relative harmonic values of right radial arterial pulse spectrum analysis are shown in

Table 2. Relative harmonic values of left radial arterial pulse spectrum analysis are

shown in Table 3. Harmonic percentages of right radial arterial pulse spectrum

analysis are shown in Table 4. Harmonic percentages of left radial arterial pulse

spectrum analysis are shown in Table 5.

In this study, the relative harmonic values of both right and left radial arterial pulse

spectrum analysis are lower in the AD group. The relative harmonic values of C3 are

significantly different ( p¼0.004, 0.059, respectively). Moreover, when comparing

them by parameter of harmonic percent age, C3 are significantly decreased in the AD

group in both right and left radial arterial pulse spectrum analyses ( p¼0.045, 0.036,

respectively). These results illustrated the close relationship between C3 (Spleen

Meridian) and AD.

Discussion

According to the theory of Traditional Chinese Medicine,the pathophysiologic

mechanisms of AD are "inborn deficiency in body constitution, poor tolerance to

environmental stimulants, Spleen Meridian not working well, interiorly generating wet

and heat; infected with wind-wetness-heat-evil further, then suffering from those

accumulating in skin." AD is a disease involving multiple dysfunctions of the visceral

organs (Zang-Fu) rather than a constitutive skin defect.‘‘Spleen wetness’’ is usually

considered a major syndrome of AD, which is compatible with our findings.

On the other hand, there are also differences in C0 (Heart Meridian), C1 (Liver

Meridian), C4 (Lung Meridian) of right hand ( p¼0.014, 0.005, 0.021, respectively)

and C1 (Liver Meridian) of left hand ( p¼0.038) between the two

findings appear to have a close relationship between AD and other visceral organs

(Zang-Fu). It requires further research to clarify the clinical meanings of these

differences.

In the present experiment, the close relationship between C3 (Spleen Meridian,

referred toWang’s hypothesis) and AD is illustrated. The result verifies Wang’s

hypothesis about the relationship between harmonics and Meridians. Moreover,our

experiment also has proved that the pulse spectrum analyzer is a suitable auxiliary

tool for diagnosing and following up patients with AD.

ConclusionsIn conclusion, it was determined that C3 (Spleen Meridian) is a valued index for the

determination of atopic dermatitis. Also, the pulse spectrum analyzer is a practical

noninvasive diagnostic tool to allow scientific and objective diagnosis.

However, the pulse diagnosis technique is just in the beginning stage. Even though

the discovery from the present study seems clear, it deserves further study.

Acknowledgments

This research was performed in a private clinic for pediatrics specialty, the Hwaishen

clinic. The Hwaishen Clinic is acknowledged for their full support of this research.

Disclosure Statement

No competing financial interests exist.