2024年2月3日发(作者：)
高考英语词汇解析
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1.●abandon v. 放弃，遗弃，抛弃 abandon the baby/ child/ friend abandon the plan/ idea/ effort/ hope
abandon oneself to (to是介词)陷入，沉湎于 He abandoned himself to despair. 她陷入了绝望。
2. ◎ability n. 能力； 才能 the ability to walk 行走的能力 （the ability to do sth 做··的能力）
【反义词 inability】to the best of one’s ability 竭尽全力 He completed the job to the best of his ability.
able adj. 能够的， 有能力的 be able to do enable .v. 使能够 Listening to music enables us to feel relaxed.
3. ●abnormal adj.不正常的，畸形的，反常的 They thought his behavior was abnormal.
反义词：abnormal
4. ◎aboard prep. / adv.在船（飞机，火车）上，上船(飞机，轮船)
all the people aboard 机上的人 go aboard 登机， 登船
5. about prep关于，ad 大约，到处a) be about to do sth…(when) I was about to go out when it began to rain.
b) look about/around/round 到处看看 c) How/What about…询问情况或建议
6 . above prep 在…上面 above all 首先;尤其 【反义词 below】
7. abroad ad.到(在)国外 a) go /study /live abroad
b) home and abroad国内外 the places of interest attract numerous tourists from home and abroad
8. ●absence n. 不在，缺席 absence from work/ school 缺席 The decision was made in my absence.
in the absence of 在缺少…条件下 The case was dismissed in the absence of proof.
9. ◎absent adj. 缺席的，不在的 be absent from 缺席·· absent-minded adj. 心不在焉的
10. ◎absorb vt. 1) 吸收，吸进（液体，气体等） absorb ink/ water/ neat/ light/ oxygen/ sound/ energy
2) 理解，掌握absorb information/ knowledge
be absorbed in 专注于，聚精会神于…
11.●abuse v / n. 滥用，谩骂 abuse alcohol/ drugs 酗酒 /嗜毒 abuse power/ position/ privilege 滥用权力/职权/特权
12. accept vt. 接受accept the gift /invitation /plan accept sb/sth as…
13.●access n.方法，通路，机会The only access to the farm was a narrow bridge.
Only high officials have access to the students have access to the school library.
accessible adj. 可进入的，可接近的，可使用的Such information is not easily accessible to the public.
14. accident n.事故，意外的事 by accident/chance 偶然，无意中；不小心
15. ●accompany v. 陪伴，伴随，伴奏 accompany sb. to the school/ supermarket
accompany the singer on / at the piano Lightening usually accompanies thunder.
16. ●accomplish v. 完成，到达，实现 accomplish the task/ purpose/ goal 完成任务/达到目的
accomplishment n. 成就，成绩
17. according to 根据 According to the law, he should be sentenced to death.
18. ◎accuse vt. 指控，指责 accuse sb of (doing ) sth 控告… ；be accused of (doing) 被控告···
19.● accustomed adj. 习惯的，适应的，惯常的
be/ get/ become accustomed to doing 习惯做什么（to是介词） He was soon accustomed to getting up early.
accustom v 习惯 accustom oneself to 让某人自己习惯···you must accustom yourself to getting up early.
20. ache vi./n headache / toothache My back aches so much.
21. achieve vt 达到；取得 achieve success/victory/one’s goal;
22.◎achievement n. 成就，业绩；完成（任务等） make great achievements
23.●acknowledge v. 承认，致谢
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It is generally acknowledged that global warming is caused by greenhouse gases.（it is 过去分词 that 从句）
Yaoming is acknowledged as/ to be the best player in China.（主语 be acknowledged as / to be ```, 主语被认为是··）
I acknowledged financial support from the local government.（感谢）
24. across prep (从表面)穿过 I walked across the street.; cross v. cross a street; come/run across碰到
25. act n.法令，条例 vt.表演，扮演，行动，做事 act as 充当；扮演 act out 把…表演出来
26. action n. 行动 take action to do sth 采取行动做·· put sth into action 把…付诸实施
27. active adj. 积极的;主动的 take an active part in /be active in 积极参加 actively adv. 积极地
28.◎activity n. 活动 outdoor activities 户外运动
a.实际的 actually adv. in (actual) fact = actually 实际上
30●adapt vi. 适应，适合，改编 vt. 使适应 adapt to change /the city life 适应改变 / 城市生活
adapt oneself to the new surroundings 让某人自己适应新环境
As a new comer, he immediately adapted himself to the new school life.
adapt the novel for a film 把小说改编成电影 adaptation n. 适应
31. add vt 添加，增加，补充说（that）
add(…)to 添加 add up 把…加在一起让某人 add up to总计为; 总数为
a) His illness added to our trouble. b) He added that he would come again.
c) Please add these figures up. d) These numbers add up to 100.
e) He added some salt to the water.
32. address n.地址 vt.写地址；向…讲话（尤指演讲）
address the letter to sb. 给某人寄信 The letter was wrongly addressed.
The president addressed the public.
33.●adjust vt. 调整，调节，适应 adjust your speed /the volume 音量/ the camera 相机
adjust to the dark/ the single life 适应黑暗/ 单身生活
adjust yourself to the new life 让你自己适应 adjustment n. 调整，调节
34. admire v 钦佩.;羡慕
admire sb for sth I admire John for his courage.我钦佩他的勇气
35. admit vt （admitted ,admitted）
1) 承认 admit one’s mistakes; admit doing/having done
He admitted having stolen the money.他承认偷过钱
2) 准许（入场，入学，入会） admit sb to /into→sb be admitted to
He has been admitted to Beijing University.他已经被北京大学录取。
36.●adopt v. 收养，采用，采纳
adopt a child 收养个孩子 adopted adj. 被收养的， 被采纳的 the adopted son/ daughter
adopt a new policy/ a suggestion/ a plan/ an attitude
37. advance vi推进，促进；前进 advanced adj. 先进的/ 高级的
in advance 预先，事先 an advanced worker 先进工作者
38. advantage n. 优点，好处(可数名词) 反：disadvantage
take advantage of 利用 have an advantage over 优于… to sb’s advantage 对（某人）有利
39. ◎advertise vt. 为…做广告 advertisement. n 广告 （缩写 ad.）
1）为…做广告 advertise a product / things
2）登广告征求/寻找… advertise for a new sales manager
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40. advice n/u. (不可数名词) advise vt. 忠告,劝告,建议
take/follow/ accept one’s advice 接受某人的建议
ask sb for advice 向某人寻求建议 2 pieces of advice 两条建议
give sb some advice on sth
advise sb (not) to do; advise doing; advise that …(should)+do
Our teacher advised that we should study hard.
41. ●affect vt. 影响, 深深打动，使悲伤等
Smoking affects health. People were deeply affected by the death of Jin Zhengri.
42. afford vt. 负担得起,抽得出(时间); 提供
can/could/be able to afford sth/to do sth 有能力负担得起 I can’t afford a book/to buy the book 我买不起这本书。
43. afraid a. 害怕的；担心be afraid to do 因为害怕不敢做…; be afraid of doing 害怕…
She was afraid to go out alone at night. She was afraid of waking him up.
44. against prep 对着，反对, 靠着，迎着，衬着
stand against the wall (靠墙站着) go against nature;
be against sth 反对They are strongly against the plan.
The pine tree were black against the morning sky. 在清晨天空的映衬下，那些天空呈黑色。
45. age n.年龄；时代 vi. 变老 for ages 多年; at an early age 在很小时 at the age of … 在···岁时;
of the same age=of an age 同岁
（of the adj 名词=of a/an 名词， the 2 cups are of the same size= the 2 cups are of an size）
After his wife’s death he aged quickly. 在妻子去世后， 他老得很快。
46. agree vi. 同意；应允
1）agree with
① agree with sb / what you say/your opinion. 同意某人观点
②表示一致;“ (食物、天气、工作等)对…适宜”：
The weather does not agree with me. 这种天气对我不适宜。
A verb must agree with its subject in person and number. 动词必须要和主语的人和数保持一致。
What he does does not agree with what he says. 他言行不一致。
2）agree to the plan/ the arrangement/ the suggestion .
3）agree on /upon主要指双/多方通过协商而取得一致意见或达成协议：
We agreed on the price. 我们就价格达成了一致意见。
Both sides agreed on these terms. 双方都同意这些条件。
4) agree to do sth He agreed to go with us. 他同意同我们去。
5) reach/arrive at/come to an agreement 6) I can’t/couldn’t agree more.我非常赞成
47. ahead ad. 在前，向前 ahead of time 提前 go ahead 前进，干吧，说吧
n. 援助；救护；辅助工具 first aid 急救 in aid of 支持
by ( the) aid of 借助于，通过…的帮助 come/ go to one’s aid 帮助某人
v. 帮助，促进 aid (sb/ sth) in/ with ( doing) sth 帮助某人做…
49. aim at① 瞄准,对准 He aimed the gun at the enemy officer.
② (向某方面)努力 She's aiming at ( trying to win) a scholarship.
③ 针对某人 My words were not aimed at you.
adj. 相像，十分相似 We are alike in many ways.
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adv. 相似的，相同的 They tried to treat their children alike.
51. alive a. 活着的，存在的 catch …alive 活捉 keep…alive be alive with= be full of
The lake was alive with fish. Who is the greatest man alive.(后置定语)
52. allow v 准许，允许 allow doing/ sb to do allow for 把 考虑进去 Has everything been allowed for in your plan?
53. almost adv几乎，差不多 Almost no one/nobody came to the party. There was almost no snow that winter.
54. alone adj/adv 单独的 孤独的
1) 形容词She is alone at home. （她独自一人在家。）
2) 副词I like to work alone. （我喜欢独自一人工作。）
3) “只有，仅仅”， The shoes alone cost $200. ※ let /leave sb /sth alone 别打扰 let alone 更不用说
★ lonely 1) 定语， “孤单的，无伴侣的，无人烟的，荒凉的，偏僻的” a lonely man / island.
2) 表语，“孤寂的，寂寞的” feel lonely ※ He lives alone but he doesn’t feel lonely.
55. aloud ad.大声地 read aloud/ think aloud
56. ◎amaze vt. 使惊奇，惊叹；震惊
What amazes me is how long she managed to hide it from us.
It amazed me that he could be so calm at such a time.
amazed adj. 惊奇的，惊讶的 amazing adj.令人惊奇的，惊叹的；震惊的
I’ m ___ that you have never heard of the Rolling Stones.
It’s ____ how often you see drivers using mobile phones.
57. ◎ amount n. 数额（尤指数量，大小等） a large amount of +不可数名词
large amounts of +不可数
v. （数量，意义等） 等同，相当于 amount to
1) （数量上）达到，总计
Time lost through illness amounts to 1,357 working days.因疾病而损失的时间总共为
2）等于，意味着
Ultimately, their ideas amount to the same thing. 归根结底，他们想的都是一回事。
58. ● amuse vt. 使快乐，逗乐 amuse sb. 使…高兴 The funny drawings amused the kids.
be amused by/at/ with 被…逗乐 amuse oneself 自娱自乐
The boys amused themselves by drawing.
59. ◎amusement n. 1) 娱乐,乐趣 to one’s amusement 让某人发笑 （to one’s +情绪名词， 让谁···的是）
They were dancing and singing in the car, much to the amusement of passers-by.
他们在车里跳舞，唱歌，让路人感到十分有趣。
2) 娱乐活动，消遣活动 amusements
amused / amusing adj.
an amused smile / look/ expression 愉快的微笑/ 神情/ 表情
an amusing story/ film 有趣的，好笑的，逗人发笑的故事/ 电影
60. angry adj 生气的，愤怒的 (angrily /angrier )
be angry at (about) 因为…而生气 be angry with sb 生某人的气
61. announce vt. 宣布，宣告，公布
announce a decision / plan/ intention announce sth to sb
At the end of the meeting , it was announced that an agreement had been reached.
make an announcement
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62.◎announcement n. 通告，通知
63.◎annoy vt. （使）烦恼 be annoyed with (at) sth.
What annoyed him most was that he had received no apology.
annoyed adj. 略感烦恼（生气）的 annoying adj. 讨厌的，令人烦恼的
It’s _____that we didn’t know about this before.令人恼火的事，我们事先并不知道这一切
Mr Davies was ____that the books were missing.戴维斯先生生气了，因为那些书不见了。
64. answer n. 回答，答案 the answer to the question ··的答案
v. answer a question/the door/the phone；
answer for 对… 负责 You will have to answer for your wrong doing one day.
65. ◎anxiety n. 忧虑，焦急，担心
anxious adj. 焦虑的，不安的；担心的 be anxious about sth for sb
渴望的，急切的 be anxious to do sth
66.◎apologize /apologise v. 道歉，歉意 apologize to sb for sth
apology n. make an apology/ apologies to sb for sth
68. ●appeal v. 吸引，呼吁，恳求
appeal to 对··产生吸引力；呼吁，恳求
The design has appealed to people of all ages. I appeal to you to protect the environment.
n. have/ hold appeal for sb. 对某人有吸引力 lose one’s appeal 失去吸引力
appealing adj. 引起兴趣的，动人的，恳求的
69. appear 1) vi. 出现，露面 The man suddenly ______ from behind the tree scared me.
2) 系动词 似乎，好像 appear+ (to be) + n/adj 似乎 He appeared（ to be） happy in the news
It appears (to sb) that /as if 从句 . （在sb看来）似乎··
It appears （to me） that he will win .
It appears that all the files have been deleted.档案好像都已经被删除了。
Police say there appear to be signs of a break-in.警方称似乎有破门而入的迹象。
70. ◎appearance n. 出现，露面；容貌 judge by appearances 以貌取人
71.◎application n.申请 make an application for``` 申请··
72. apply v. 申请 apply for 申请；请求，接洽 apply sth to …运用，应用
apply oneself to 致力于，集中精力做某事
73. ●appoint vt. 任命，委派，安排，确定
1) 任命，委派A committee was appointed to consider the plan. 一个委员会被指定去研究这些计划。
He was appointed as chairman.
2). 约定，确定 Everyone got there at the appointed time. In the evening he made his way to the appointed meeting place.
74. appointment n. 预约，约定，约会
make an appointment （for时间） I’d like make an appointment
his appointment as president 他担任总统的任命
75. ◎appreciate vt. 欣赏；感激 appreciate your concern感谢你的关心
appreciate doing sth
appreciate your abilities/ fine works of art I’d appreciate it if you let me get on with my job.
76. ◎approach 1). v. 接近；靠近；走进As they approached the wood, a rabbit ran out of the trees.
I find him difficult to approach. The winter vacation is approaching.
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2). n. （可数/不可数）接近；方法；途径；通路
He decided to adopt a different approach and teach the Bible through story-telling.
His approach to the problem are wrong.（··的方法途径） All the approach to the palace were guarded by troops.
77. ●approve vi. 赞成 vt. 同意，批准 approve of 赞成，同意 approve of one’s idea
He doesn’t approve of my leaving this year. approve the plan/ proposal 通过计划/ 提议
approval n.
79. argue vi. 争辩，争论 n. argument
1) argue for /against 赞成/反对
2) argue sb into/out of doing sth 说服某人做/不做某事
3) argue with sb about sth 与某人争论某事
80. ◎arise arose arisen vi.
1) 出现，发生，产生 A new crisis has arisen. 新危机出现。
2）起床，起身，起立 He arose at dawn. 他黎明即起。
81.◎argument n. 1)争论，辩论 have an argument with sb about / over sth
2) 论点，论据 a powerful argument against smoking
argue v. argue with sb about / over sth
82. arm n. 手臂,支架 武器（复） arm in arm 手挽手 hand in hand 手拉手
shoulder to shoulder 肩并肩 side by side 肩并肩，一起
take up arms 拿起武器
vt. 以…装备,武装起来 主语 + arm A with B 用B武装A 被动 ：A be armed with B
Armed with the new equipment, the explorers entered the cave. be armed to the teeth 全副武装
83. around 在周围; 在附近; 大约 around the corner 在拐角处，即将到来 around the clock
84.◎arrange vt. 安排，布置 arrange an appointment 安排预约
arrange to do sth 安排做··· Have you arranged to meet Mark this weekend?
We had arranged that I would go for the weekend.我们商量好了，这个周末我去。
He arrived as arranged. 他如约而至。
arrange for sth to do
The company will arrange for a taxi to meet you at the airport.
Dave arranged for someone to drive him home.
arrangement n. 安排，布置 make arrangements for…
85. ◎arrest vt. 逮捕，拘捕 He got arrested for careless driving.
n. put / place sb under arrest 逮捕某人
86. arrive v arrive at /in when will he arrive in China? (arrive in + 国家城市)
Arriving at school，he was told to give a speech. (arrive at +机构)
arrival n. 到来；达到 Guests receive dinner on/upon their arrival
87. article n. 文章；东西；物品；冠词 an article of clothing 一件衣服
88. ashamed adj 惭愧，害臊
a) be ashamed of 以为是耻辱 b) be ashamed of oneself for 为…而害羞
c) feel ashamed for sb 替某人感到羞愧 ※ ashamed & shameful
ashamed 指事物使人感到羞耻、惭愧、害臊；
shameful指事物或本身可耻不道德。 He is ashamed of his shameful conduct.
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昼夜不停地
89. asleep adj 睡着的，熟睡 (表语形容词) fall asleep 入睡 He seems to be fast asleep.
90. ●assist v. 帮助，协助 assist sb. in dong /with sth.
we’ll assist you in finding a place to live.
She employed a woman to assist her with the housework.
assistance n. technical/ military assistance 技术/军事援助
91. ●assume v. 假定，假设 It is assumed that…普遍认为
I had assumed him to be a teacher. 我本以为他是老师。
He assumed an air of concern. 他装出关心的样子。 assuming （that）… 假设，假如
assumption n. 假设
93. astonish v 使惊讶 astonished /astonishing adj.
be/look astonished at 对…感到大吃一惊 an astonished look
94. attach v 附上，系上，使依附，使附属 attach A to B 把A 附着在B上
attach importance to `` 重视···
attachment .n. attachable adj.
95. attempt v. 试图，尝试
attempt to do He was charged with attempting to kill his wife.
attempt sth The plane crashed while attempting an emergency landing.
n. make an attempt to do /at doing 试图做某事
96. attend v. 看护，照料，服侍；出席，参加 attend a meeting/ school/ church/ the concert
attend to sth处理，注意 I have a few other things to attend to.
attend to sb 看护 attend to a baby
97. attention n. 注意，关心
pay ( much/no/little) attention to `` draw one’s attention to
fix one’s attention/mind/eyes on； 关注，专注于 attract one’s attention 吸引某人的注意
98. attract v. 吸引，引起 Like attracts like 物以类聚
99. available adj. 可获得的
100. average adj 平均的；普通的 n. 平均数 on (the)average 按平均
above average 一般水平以上 below average 一般水平以下
I was just an average sort of student. 我只是一个普通学生。
101. avoid doing 避免做···
102. awake v. 唤醒；(awoke/ awoken) Is he awake or asleep?
awake to sth 意识到 醒悟到
It took her some time to awake to the dangers of her situation.
adj 醒着的be wide awake
103. award n. 奖品；奖 v. 授予，给予，判给
Cash award 奖金 to my delight , I received a cash award . 让我高兴的是， 我得到了奖金。
104. aware adj. 知道的，意识到的 be aware of 意识到·· 察觉到··
awareness n.
105. away adv离开；远离 keep away from 保持距离； far away 在远处
right away 立刻，马上； give away 泄露，赠送
106. awful adj. 糟糕的，可怕的，充满敬畏的 adv 极其 awfulness .n.
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B
1. back v.后退，支持 adv.回（原处）;向后 adj.后面的，向后的，偏远的 n. 背后，后部；背
back and forth 来回，往返； back to back 背靠背
behind one’s back 在某人背后； look back 回顾
put back 放回去； turn one’s back on 避开，不理睬
2. ◎backward adv. 向后 backward and forward 来来回回 bend /lean over backward to do 竭尽全力去做…
3. baggage n.行李（不可数）a piece of/an article of baggage
4. ◎balance 1) n. ① 平衡 keep the balance (between A and B) lose one’s balance
② 余额 (常用单数） check your bank balance
③ 欠款（常用单数）The balance of 500 yuan must be paid within 90 days.
短语 be/ hang in the balance 不明朗的，未定的， 悬而未决的
catch / throw sb. off balance 使…失去平衡； 使…不知所措 on balance 总的来说
2）v．①保持平衡 ~（sth）on sth balance on one leg He balanced the cup on her knee.
②同等重视 balance A with/ and B balance home life with career
③比较权衡 balance A against B balance the cost against its benefit
balanced adj. 均衡的 be on a balanced diet
5. ●ban （banned，banned） n.禁令 v. 禁止，取缔 a ban on smoking 禁烟令 place… under ban 对…加以禁止
ban sb. from sth./ doing 禁止某人做
6. ◎bar 1) n. 条，块 a bar of chocolate / soap 障碍 Being a woman was a bar to promotion.
2) vt. 封堵 All the doors and windows were barred. 阻止 bar sb. from ... bar players from drinking
7. bargain n. （经讨价还价之后）成交的商品；廉价货
Those shoes are a real bargain at such a low price.v. 讨价还价 bargain with sb about /over sth 与某人讨价还价
8. base n. 根据地，基地 v.以...为基地, 把基地设在
1) base sth on/upon sth 以…为基础 be based on``` His book is based on a true story.
2) be based in以...为基地,把基地设在 The toy company is based in Guangzhou.
basic adj 基本的 basic knowledge/skills basically adv.
9. ◎basis (复数 bases )
1）基础，要素 form the basis of… 形成··的基础
2) 基准，原则 on a regular /permanent basis 以定期的/永久的方式
3) 原因，缘由 on the basis of… 根据， 在··的基础上
Some videos were banned on the basis of violence.
10. bath n.洗澡;浴室;澡盆; have/take a bath
bathe v. 洗澡,游泳 be bathed in …沉浸在,沐浴着（光线） bathroom n.浴室
11. bear (bore, born/borne) v.
1）承受 (重量) The ice is too thin to bear your weight.
2) 负担, 承担 bear the cost/ burden/responsibility
3）忍受;容忍 （常用于疑问句、否定句，与can, could 连用） bear to do/doing
4) bear…in mind 记住
12. beat v (beat ,beaten) 连续有节奏的敲击 My heart is beating faster than usual.
Waves are beating the shore. 击败: He beat me in the game. ※ beat & hit &strike & knock
13. before It will be +段时间+before+ do/does…要过多久才…
It was +段时间+before+ did…没过多久就…
14. beg 乞求，请求 beg—begged—begged—begging beg sb. to do 请求、乞求某人做某事
I beg your pardon. 对不起、请原谅（降调） 请再讲一遍（降调）
15. begin—began—begun—beginning begin with=start with 以…开始
to begin with=to start with (插入语)首先、第一
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I don’t like living here. To begin with, the room is far too small.
16. beginning n.开始，开端 at the beginning of… in the beginning= at first
17. ◎behave v. 表现 He behaved as if nothing had happened.
behave badly/well
behave oneself 表现得体，有礼貌 well / badly behaved children
18. ◎ behavior n. 不可数 good/ bad behavior
be on your best behavior 尽量表现得体
19. behind drop/ fall behind 落后 leave sb./sth. behind 遗落、忘带
20. ◎belief n. （不可数） 1）相信，信心 belief in I admire his belief in what he is doing.
2) 看法，信念 （不可数） He acted in the belief that he was doing good.
There is a general belief that things will soon get better.
3) 信仰 （可数 beliefs） religious/ political beliefs
短语 beyond belief 难以置信 to the best of one’s belief 尽其所知
21. believe v. believe it or not (插入语)信不信由你
It is believed that he is a good teacher. =He is believed to be a good teacher.
believable adj. 可信任的
22. belong belong to 属于（无被动） The house belonging to her is under repair.
belong to，,date from, date back to , consist of 作定语时都只有ing形式
23. bend v. 弯曲、弯腰、伏案 bend—bent—bent
She was bent over her desk writing a letter. 她正伏案写信。
24. ◎benefit 1) n. 优势，益处（不可数）She didn’t get much benefit from her staying abroad.
短语: be of =be beneficial to ... 对··有益处 to one’s benefit 对某人有利
for one’s benefit = for the benefit of sb. 为了帮助.../为了某人的利益
2） vt./ vi. benefit sb./ sth benefit from/ by...
beneficial adj. 有益的，有用的 be beneficial to ...
25. best n. / adj . do/ try one’s best to do 尽全力做 make the best of…尽量利用
all the best （书信结语）一切顺利、万事如意
26. better had better do…最好做… 否定：had better not do
be better worth reading 更值得读 be better known 更著名的
27. beyond 超出、超过 beyond one’s imagination/description 难以想象/描述
beyond one’s power 超出能力范围 beyond my wildest dreams 做梦也没想到
28. ●bid –bid- bid- bidding v. 出价，投标 n 投标 bid for sth.
I bid 2000 dollars for the painting. 我出价20000美元买这幅画。
The highest bid for the picture was 20000. 这幅画的最高出价是两万
29. birth n.出生、诞生 at birth 出生时 give birth to 生下、孕育了
30. biscuit 饼干c/n some chocolate biscuits
31. bit 1) a bit of+不可数n.= a little +不可数n. He can speak a bit of French.
2) a bit/a little +比较级 a bit more slowly 3) not a bit=not at all 一点儿也不、毫不
32. blame 1）be to blame 应该受到责备（主动表被动） 2) blame sb. for doing→sb. be blamed for …
33.◎blank 1) n. 空白处，空格 fill in the blanks
(记忆中的)空白,遗忘 My mind was a blank and I couldn’t remember her name.
2) adj. 空白的，无装饰的，无图画的 a blank form/ wall
不理解的，没表情的,空虚的 a blank expression Suddenly my mind went blank.
34. blind adj 盲的， 看不见的 be blind to 对…视而不见、熟视无睹 =turn a blind eye to
35. blow v. (blew blown) 吹、刮 blow down 吹倒 blow up 爆炸、炸毁
n. 打击 give sb. a blow 给某人打击
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36. board n. 木板、布告牌 v. 登上 on board 在船（车、飞机） board a train 上火车
37. book c/n 书 v. 预定（车、船）票 book a room/ ticket
38. ◎bored adj. 感到无聊的 be / to death. boring adj. 令人无聊的 a boring job /book/man
bore v. 使厌烦， 开凿. n. 厌烦的人，麻烦的事
38. ◎bother vt./vi.
1) 花费时间精力做某事（常用于否定句，疑问句中）
① bother with/ about sth ---Shall I wait? ---No, don’t bother.
It’s not worth bothering with an umbrella.
② bother to do He didn’t even bother to let me know he was coming.
③ bother doing Why bother asking if you are not really interested?
2) 给...造成麻烦，痛苦 使...烦恼，担忧
① bother sb with/ I don’t want to bother her with my problems.
---I’m sorry he was rude to you. --- It doesn’t bother me.
② bother sb. Does it bother you that she earns more than you?
③ bother sb. It bothers me to think of her alone at home.
3) 打扰 插话 bother sb Sorry to bother you,
be bothered about sb./ sth 认为...重要 关心... I’m not bothered about what he thinks.
n. 麻烦 困难（不可数） ---Thanks for your help. --- it was no bother.
put sb. to bother get sb. /oneself into bother给某人添麻烦
40. bottom n.底部 at the bottom of… 在···的底部 from the bottom of one’s heart 发自某人内心深处
41. break v. 打碎，折断,解决 n.破裂，休息，中断
break—broke –broken break out （战争、火灾、疾病等）爆发
break down （车、机器等）坏掉、出故障；分解；（身体）垮掉；
break in 打断；闯入 break up 破碎；（关系）破裂
break away from 摆脱、脱离
42. breath n. 呼吸 hold one’s breath 屏住呼吸 take a deep breath 深呼吸
out of breath 气喘吁吁
breathe v. 呼吸 ~in 吸入 ~out 呼出
43. bring v带来，产生，促使，引起，劝诱
bring up 提出，教育，养育，呕出，停下
bring down 使··倒下 bring about 带来引起 bring in 介绍，带进引入，赚取
44. broken adj. 破碎的，弄坏的 speak in broken English a broken marriage
45. ◎budget n. 预算 within / over budget 在预算内/超出预算 on a (tight) budget 缺少钱 拮据
vt. ~ sth for ... ~$1,000,000 for education spending
vi. ~ for 存钱 编预算 ~ for a holiday abroad
46. build—built—built v. 建筑；建造 build up 增进、增强
47. burn—burned—burned/--burnt—burnt 燃烧；晒黑、伤 burn down 烧毁
burn…to the ground= completely destroyed 夷为平地 get burnt 被晒伤 （get+过去分词 被···）
a burning candle 燃烧的蜡烛
48. burst v. 突然发生burst—burst—burst
burst out laughing/ crying = burst into laughter/ tears 突然大笑起来/痛哭起来
49. bury v. 埋葬bury—buried—buried—burying
bury one’s face in the hands 手捂着脸 bury oneself in… = be buried in… 忙于···
50. business n. 生意；职责；（本分）工作 on business
do business with sb. 与··做生意 Business is business. 公事公办
It’s none of your business. 与你无关。 mind your own business 管好你自己的事
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51. busy adj. 忙的；忙碌的 be busy with sth. be busy (in) doing 忙于做
busily adv
52. but conj.但是 prep.除了
not…but… 不是…而是 we have no choice but to wait. 除了等待别无选择。
We can do nothing but wait. 除了等待什么也不能做。
but 前一句有do的任何形式，but 后面就接动词原形；若前一句没有do , 后面的跟不定式 to do 。 此处也可以用except 替代。
but for 要不是、若没有（引导含虚拟语气的句子）But for your help, I would have failed.
53. by by bus/car/plane/air/train/ship… 乘汽车/小汽车/飞机/火车/船
C
1.●calculate v. 计算， 核算 It has been calculated that …
eg. It has been calculated that at least 47000 jobs were lost last year.
(be) calculated to do sth. eg. The speech was calculated to win votes.
2. call v. 叫；喊；打电话 a girl called Mary 一个被称为Mary的女孩
a girl calling herself Mary 一个自称为Mary的女孩
call on 号召 拜访 call at sp. 参观sp call for 需要，要求
call up 给某人打电话 call off 取消 call in 召集，邀请 ，叫··进来， 打电话
3. calm adj. 镇静的、沉着的 keep calm
v.使镇静 calm down
4. camp n.营 v.野营；宿营 summer camp 夏令营 go camping 去野营
5. can 否定：cannot= can’t
can’t help doing = can’t help but do 禁不住
can not…too… = can never…too… 越…越好/再…也不为过
You can never be too careful when crossing the street.
6. care n. 照料；保管 take care of 照顾、保管 take care (that)…当心
v. 在乎；介意 I don’t care. 我不在乎/我不放在心上。
care for 喜欢；照顾 care about 关心；在乎
7. careful adj. 仔细的；小心的 be careful of… 当心,小心 listen carefully
8. carry v. 拿；搬；运；背 carry on 继续、进行 carry out 实施、执行
9. case n. 情况；案件；病例 in case +句子/in case of +名词 万一
in this/that case 如果这样/那样的话 in no case 绝不
as is often the case 事实往往如此 eg: As is often the case, women live longer than man.
There are some cases where this method won’t work.
10. ◎cash n. 现金 pay in cash /by check vt. 兑现 ~ a check
cash in on…从...获得利润 The shop are cashing in on temporary shortage by raising prices.
11.●cast v. 扔，抛，撒
cast your net wide cast about/ around for sth cast sb./ sth out
cast sb./ sth aside be cast away be cast down cast sth off
12. catch—caught—caught catch up with 赶上
catch sight of 看见 catch sb. doing 撞见/捉住某人做某事
catch one’s eye= attract one’s attention 引起某人注意；引人注目
13.●cater v. 提供（承办）酒席，满足需求
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cater for sth/sb : The class caters for all ability ranges.
cater to sth/ sb: It catered for all tastes.
14. cattle n. 牛（总称）单复同形 The cattle are in the shed. 牛在牛棚里。
15. cause n. 原因、起因 cause and effect 因果
the cause of fire/cancer 火灾/癌症的起因
v. 引起；促使 The storm left, ____ a lot of damage to this area.
16. ◎cautious adj. 谨慎的 小心的 be cautious of/
caution n. 谨慎 小心 with caution 小心地
vt. 警告...小心... caution sb. to do caution sb. 警告某人警惕
We were cautioned not to drive too fast.
17. celebrate v. 庆祝 celebrate one’s birthday celebrate Christmas
18.◎central adj. 中心的，中央的 central bank/government
1） 主要的，首要的 play a central role in… 在…起着主导作用。
centre n. in the centre of the room
v. centre on /upon/ round /around…把…当中心 使…成为中心
19.◎ceremony n. 典礼，仪式 1) attend a wedding ceremony
2) stand on ceremony 拘于礼节 without ceremony 粗鲁无礼，不拘礼节
20. certain adj. 确定的；无疑的 certainly adv.
be certain of= be sure of 对…确信的 be certain to do =be sure to do 一定会、必然
make sure/certain of… 保证、弄清楚 * It is certain that…
21.◎challenge face/ take up a challenge 面对/接收挑战
challenging adj 具有挑战性的 a challenging job
22. chance n. 机会；可能性 give sb. a chance 给…一次机会;
take a chance/chances 冒险；碰运气 by chance/accident 偶然;
There is a/no chance that… 有可能/不可能…
23. change v. 改变、变化; n. 变化；零钱（不可数）
change…into… 把……变成; change one’s mind 改变主意
Great changes have taken place in China.
There is no time to get changed before the party. Do you have any change on/with you ?
24.●characteristic adj. 独特的 n. 特征 特点 a key characteristic of…
25. charge n./vt charge…for… 收/要价多少;
charge sb. with sth/doing 指控某人做了 get the phone charged 手机被充电;
The soldiers were charging forward bravely.战士们勇敢地向前冲。
take charge of 负责、管理 in charge of 负责;
in the charge of 被/由… 负责; free of charge 免费
26. chat v./n. 聊天；闲谈 chat—chatted—chatted—chatting
have a chat with sb. 与某人聊天; chat room 聊天室
27. check v./ n. 检查；核对；批改; 支票 by check 用支票支付
辨析： check examine
check 指核对某事物是否正确, examine 表检查、调查、审查等
check the answers check the mailbox 核实邮箱（看有没有信）
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examine your body/eyes examine the machine
28. cheer n./vi. 欢呼；喝彩A great cheer went up from the crowd.
cheer sb on 为某人加油 cheer up 振作起来；高兴起来 Cheers ! 共同举杯
29. ◎cheerful adj 兴高采烈的，高兴地 a cheerful smile
30. cheque＝ check(美) 支票 in cash 付现金 by check/cheque 用支票支付
31. chicken c/n. 小鸡 u/n. 鸡肉 Would you like some chicken? 来点鸡肉怎么样？
Don’t count your chickens before they are hatched.
不要在还没孵出小鸡之前先数鸡。（别指望过早；别打如意算盘）
32. chief adj. 主要的；首要的 n. 首领；领导人 chiefs (复数)
33. choice c/n. 选择； choose v. 选择 choose—chose—chosen
make a choice /make choices 做选择 have no choice but to do 除了…别无选择
We chose Bill as chairman. There are a lot of books to choose from.
34. Christmas Merry Christmas! on Christmas Eve;
at Christmas 圣诞节期间 on Christmas 在圣诞节这天
35. church go to church; attend church 去教堂做礼拜
36. cinema 电影院 go to the cinema
37. circle n. 圆圈 vi 环绕，盘旋 The plane circled over the airport before landing.
38.●circulate v. 循环，流传，传阅
circulate sth (to sb.) The document will be circulated to all members.
39.●clarify v.澄清，阐明，使…..纯净 clarify a situation/ problem/ issue
clarification n. seek clarification of
40. class after class; have classes; the first class 头等； the working class 工人阶级
41.●classify把……分类为 classify…into…
classify sb./ sth as … Only eleven of these accidents were classified as major.
42. clean v. 打扫；弄干净 clean up；clean the table/the room adj. 清洁的
43. clear adj. 清晰的 clear water; clear glass; a clear explanation; make oneself clear
v 清除，放晴 clear away 雾烟等消散；clear up （天气）放晴； clearly adv.
44. close vt. 关闭 adj. 近的；亲密的 adv. 近地
closely adv. 密切地；仔细地 watch closely 密切注视；仔细观察
a close friend; be/stand/get close to;
close the door/eyes; with his eyes closed/open close down 关闭、倒闭
45. cloth u/c 布料，抹布； a piece of cloth； a table cloth；
clothing u/n (总称) 衣服 a piece of clothing； an article of clothing clothes(pl.) 衣服；
46. coast 海岸 on/along the coast 在岸上/沿岸 off the coast 离海岸不远的地方
47. coffee a cup of coffee; a coffee/two coffees
48. coin c/n Every coin has two sides. 事物皆有两面性
49.●coincidence n.共同发生,巧合
by coincidence what a coincidence a strange/ remarkable coincidence
50. collect vt. 收集；搜集 collect stamps/stamp collecting 集邮
51.●collection收藏品 a stamp collection have a large collection of books
52.●combine使联合,使结合 combine A with/ and B
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53. come came-came-come come up with 提出；想出
come across 偶遇; come about 产生，发生; come on 加油；快点；得啦
come true 实现; come up 走近；被提出；想起；发芽come out 出来；出版
54. comfort v. 安慰 u/n 舒适 live in comfort 生活安逸; a comfort 令人安慰的人或事
comfortable adj. live a comfortable life comfortably adv. live comfortably
55.●command n.&v 命令，指挥，支配
at /by one’s command get command of under one’s command
have a good command of command sb. to do sth.
command that clause (should do)
56. ◎comment n. 评论 make a comment on /about sth
vi comment on/ upon sth
57.●commit犯, 干(坏事)等 commit murder/ suicide commit sb/ yourself to sth/ doing
commit yourself (to sth): You don’t have to commit yourself now, just think about it.
58. common a common mistake 常见错误; common practice 惯例; common sense 常识
have much/a lot/ little/nothing in common； in common with… 和……一样
59. ◎communicate vt 传达，传递（想法，感情，思想等） communication n
He was eager to communicate his ideas to the group.
vi 与某人交流（信息或消息，意见等），沟通 communicate with sb
60. company u/n. 交往；陪伴 c/n. 公司 keep sb. company 陪伴某人
61. compare compare…with… 把…和…比较 ； compare…to… 把…比作…
compared with/to (作状语) 与…相比 Compared with/to other people, he is fortunate.
62.●compensate 补偿,赔偿,弥补 compensate for sth compensate sb for sth
63. ◎compete vi 比赛，竞赛 competition n. compete with / against sb in sth for sth
64. complete adj. 完整的 v. 完成、结束 a complete story 完整的故事
complete the project completely adv. be completely destroyed 彻底毁坏
65. ●compromise妥协；折中，互让；和解
agree on a compromise make a compromise with by compromise
reach/ come to/ arrive at/ work out a compromise
66.●compulsory强制的,义务的 It is compulsory for sb to do
It is compulsory for all motorcyclists to wear helmets. compulsory education/ schooling
compulsory purchase
67. ◎concentrate v. 集中（思想等） concentration n
I can’t concentrate with that noise going on.
concentrate (sth) on (doing) sth 集中…做…
I decided to concentrate all my efforts on finding somewhere to live
68. ◎concern v
1) 让某人担忧 What concerns me is our lack of preparation for the change.
2) 与…有关 be concerned with
3) 关心，挂念 be concerned about
4) 就…而言 as far as sb is concerned n. show a /no concern about
concerning prep. 关系到， 涉及
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He asked me several questions concerning the future of the company.
69. concert 音乐会；演奏会 go to a concert a live concert 现场演奏的音乐会
70. ◎conclude v
1) 结束 conclude (sth)(with sth) He concluded by wishing everyone a safe trip home.
2) 推断出conclude sth from sth What do you conclude from that?
conclusion n. draw /reach /come to a conclusion 得出结论
in conclusion 总之,最后 In conclusion, I would like to thank you.
71.●concrete,明确的,具体的 concrete floor concrete evidence
72.●condemn vt. 谴责；判刑；宣告……有罪(与to连用) 迫使…接受(困境)，使…注定
condemn sb/ sth for… condemn sb. to be condemned/ sentenced to…
73. condition 状况；条件
in good/excellent/bad/poor condition 处于良好/极佳/糟糕的状况
out of condition 不在状况； living conditions 生活条件
* on condition that (连词) 如果；条件是
They agreed to lend us the car on condition that (only if) we returned it before the weekend.
74. ◎conduct vt.
1) 引导，带领 conduct sb around sp 2) 实施，执行 conduct an experiment
3) 指挥 conduct a concert 4) 传导 conduct electricity
5) 举止，表现 conduct oneself n. 行为，举止
75. ◎confident adj. be confident about/of sth
confidence n. 1) gain/lose confidence 2) have confidence in sb/sth
3) be in sb’s confidence 受某人信任，是某人的心腹
4) take sb into your confidence 向某人吐露内心秘密
76. ◎confirm vt. 证实，批准，确认 confirm sth/ that/wh-
Rumours of job losses were later confirmed.
Has everyone confirmed (that) they are coming? Can you confirm what happened?
77.●conflict : in conflict with
78. ◎confuse vt 1）使糊涂，使迷惑
They confused me with conflicting accounts of what happened.
2） 混淆 confuse A with/and B Be careful not to confuse quality with quantity.
confusion n. 1) confusion about/over sth 困惑
There is a confusion about what the correct procedure should be.
2) confusion between A and B 混淆 confusion between letters like “o” or “a”
79. congratulation n祝贺名词常用复数 Congratulations to you !
congratulate v congratulate sb. on sth. 祝贺某人在某方面……
80. connect v. 1) connect A to/with/ and B 使连接，联结
The towns are connected by trains and bus services.
2) connect sth (to sth) 接通，使…连接 First connect the printer to the computer.
3) connect sb / sth (with sb / sth) , be connected with 与…有联系/关联
Theory is closely connected with practice.
4)为某人接通电话 Hold on, please, I’m trying to connect you.
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81. ◎connection n. 连接物，接触，联系 in connection with sb/ sth 与…有关
A man has been arrested in connection with the murder of the manager.
82. ◎consequence n. 结果，后果；重要性，重大
as a consequence /result in consequence 结果
as a consequence /result of in consequence of 由于
83. consider 1) 认为；把……看做； 2) 考虑
1) consider sth/doing sth/wh- 考虑 We are considering buying a new car.
He was considering what to do next.
2) consider sb/sth (as /to be) sth 认为 This award is considered (to be ) a great honor.
3) sb be considered to have done sth 认为某人已经做了某事
Bell is considered to have invented the telephone.
4) all things considered 从各方面看来，总而言之
84.●considerate : It is considerate of him to wait. considering prep.
85. ◎consideration n. 考虑 take sth into consideration 考虑到
Taking everything into consideration, the event was a great success.
All things _______ into consideration, I think his plan is practical.
86. ◎consist vi 包含，组成，构成 1) consist of 由…组成 The committee consists of ten members.
2) consist in 在于，存在于 The beauty of the city consists in its magnificent buildings.
consistent adj 一致的 be consistent with 与…一致
87. ◎construction n. 建造，建设 be under construction 正在修建中
construct vt 1)建造，修建 construct a bridge 2) 创建 construct a theory
86. ◎consult vt 1) 咨询，请教 consult sb (about) sth
2) 与某人商量 consult (with) sb about/on sth 3) 查阅，查询 consult a dictionary
88. contain v. container n. 容器，集装箱
1) 包含/括 The book contains 12 units. 2）含有物质/成分Sea water contains a lot of salt.
3）容纳、装有 The envelope contained 500 dollars.
89. content adj. 甘愿的，满意的；n.内容
be content with 满足于； be content to do 甘愿做某事
the content of the article 文章内容； read the contents of the book 读目录
90. continue v. 继续 continue doing / to do / with
91. ◎contrary adj. 相反的 Contrary to popular belief, many cats dislike milk.
n. 相反，反而on the contrary 相反，反之
92.●contribute v. 1) contribute (sth) (to/ towards sth) 捐献，捐赠
We contributed 5000 yuan to the earthquake fund.
2) contribute to 导致，有助于 Smoking contributes to lung cancer.
3) contribute (sth) (to sth) 撰稿，在会议或会谈期间讲话，发表意见
She contributed (a number of articles )to the magazine.
We hope everyone will contribute to the discussion.
93. ◎ contribution n. 贡献，奉献 make a contribution to sth 对…做贡献
94. ◎ convenience n. 便利 at one’s convenience for one’s convenience
convenient adj It is convenient for sb to do sth
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It is convenient to sb If (it is ) convenient
95.●convey 传送,传达,表达 convey sth to sb convey sb/sth from …to…
96.●convince 使确信,使信服 convince sb/ yourself of sth
convince sb to do I have been trying to convince him to see a doctor.
convinced adj. be convinced of/ that: I am convinced that she is innocent.
I am convinced of her innocence.
97. corner n. 街角； 困境； vt使…落入圈套 There is a hotel on / at the corner of the street.
drive / force sb into a corner 把某人逼入困境 round / around the corner 很近，在附近
t adj正确的，恰当的； vt纠正，批改
I think you’ve made the correct decision. I spent all evening correcting essays.
correctly adv. Have you spelled it correctly?
99. cost n花费；代价，损失；vt需付费；使损失 the high / low cost of housing
she saved him from the fire but at the cost of her own life.
at all costs 不惜任何代价 You must stop the press from finding out at all costs.
The hospital will cost 2 million dollars to build.
That one mistake almost cost him his life.
100. count v数数；重要 Every point in this game counts.
count down 倒计时 count on sb/sth 依赖 I’m counting on you to help me.
n.两人、物；几个人、物；一对夫妻 a young / an elderly couple
I saw a couple of men get out . We went there a couple of years ago.
101. courage n. courageous adj
take courage (from sth) 因某事而鼓起勇气; lose courage
n.课程；航线；进程；一道菜
take a course in art and design The plane was on/ off course.
an event that changed the course of history The main course was roast duck.
in course of sth 在…的过程中 in / over the course of 在…期间
v.遮盖；覆盖；涉及，处理；足以支付；行走一段路程；占一片面积；报道
She covered her face with her hands.
Much of the country is covered by forest.
The survey covers all aspects of the company.
Your parents will have to cover your tuition fees.
$ 100 should cover your expenses.
By sunset we had covered thirty miles.
The park covers an area of 1000 square kilometers.
She is covering the conference.
adj疯狂的，愚蠢的，非常气愤的；热衷于
She must be crazy to lend him money. That noise is driving me crazy.
Rick is crazy about football.
like crazy/ mad 拼命地，疯狂地 We worked like crazy to get it done on time.
105. ◎credit n.
1) on credit 赊购，赊欠
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2) three credits 三个学分
3) credit card 信用卡 4) to one’s credit 值得赞扬，使受尊重
( Much/ Greatly) to his credit, Jack refused to accept the gift.
106. cross v.穿越，横过；交叉，交叠；adj生气的，愤怒的
cross the mountains 翻过高山 She sat with her legs crossed.
I was cross with him for being late.
across prep. run across the road
106. crowd n.人群； v.挤满，使拥挤
Police had to break up the crowd.
Crowds of people poured into the street.
Thousands of people crowded the narrow streets.
crowded adj拥挤的 In the spring the place is crowded with skiers.
108. cruel adj残忍的； 引起痛苦的 be cruel to…
Her father’s death was a cruel blow.（沉痛的打击）
cruelly adv. cruelty n
109.●cure v. 治愈. n.治疗，治愈 cure sb of sth 治愈sb； find a cure for…治疗··的药物/方法
s adj 好奇的 be curious about … 对··好奇 be curious to do… 好奇地做··
curiously adv. curiosity n.
n.风俗，习俗；个人习惯
It is the custom in that country for women to marry young.
It was her custom to rise early.
v. 剪掉，砍掉 have one’s hair cut
His salary has been cut by ten percent . 他的薪金减少了10%。
cut through 抄近路穿过；走近路
cut down 砍倒；削减，缩小 We need to cut the article down to 1000 words.
cut in 插嘴；打断 She kept cutting in on our conversation.
cut off 停止，中断；割掉，砍掉； 切断…的去路，以外界隔绝
Our water supply has been cut off.
He had his finger cut off in an accident at work.
The army was cut off from its base.
cut up 切碎 He cut up the meat on his plate.
cut sth out of sth 裁剪 She cut the dress out of some old materials.
D
n. adj. 日常的， 每日的 adv. 每日，每天 a daily visit be visited daily
The story was in all the dailies.
v. 毁坏 ，损害 The storm did / caused great damage to the country.
Smoking seriously damages your health.
n. 危险 How many workers are in danger of losing their jobs?（be in danger of `` 处于··的危险）
Doctors said she is now out of danger.
Police said the man was a danger to the public.（对··而言是个危险的人或事）
dangerous adj 危险的 It would be dangerous for you to stay here.
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v. 胆敢 He didn’t dare (to) say what he thought.
How dare you 你竟敢 How dare you talk to me like that?
I dare say 我想，很可能 I dare say you know about it already.
4. date n.日期，约会
，枣子 We need to fix a date for the next meeting .
make a date
v. 约会，定日期 date back to / date from 追溯 a law dating from the 17th century.
n. 黎明 They start work at dawn.
We arrived in Sydney as dawn broke. He works from dawn till dusk.（从黎明到黄昏）
8. deal -dealt - dealt v.
deal with对付，应付；解决，处理；涉及，关于
She is used to dealing with all kinds of people in her job.（与··打交道）
Have you dealt with these letters yet?（处理）
Her poems often deal with the subject of death.（涉及）
a good/great deal of ··许多
They spent a great deal of money. It is a deal. 就这么办吧！
8.◎debt n. 债务，欠款 pay off/clear/repay the debts be in debt 欠债
go/get/run/slip into debt 陷入债务之中
on n. 决定 make a decision decide .v 决定 ~to do sth 决定做··
e v.公布，宣布；声明，断言 declaration n.宣布，宣告，申报
The government has declared a state of emergency.
Germany declared war on France on 1 August 1914.
He declared that he was in love with her.
declare for 声明支持 declare against 声明反对
11. ● decline v.拒绝,谢绝,下降
The number of tourists declined by 10%. （减少了） Her health was declining rapidly.
I offered to give them a lift but they declined with thanks.
12.◎decorate v. 装饰修饰，授予奖章 decoration n. 装饰，装饰品，奖章
decorate A with B 装点，布置 decorate sb. for bravery 因为勇敢授予奖章
13.◎decrease v. (使) 减少，变小 decrease (sth.) to 1000 decrease (sth.) by 10%
n. do a good deed 行为，事迹
v. n.击败，打败 a narrow defeat 惜败 a heavy defeat 惨败
He defeated the champion.
v. 保卫 We are trained to defend themselves against knife attacks.
我们都接受过自卫训练，能够对付持刀袭击。
Troops have been sent to defend the borders. 已派出部队去守卫边疆。
He defended his wife against rumours and allegations.
针对谣言和指控他为妻子进行了辩护。
defence n. Soldiers who died in defence of their country
17. degree n.度数（角）； 度数（温度）；程度； 学位
an angle of ninety degrees Water freezes at zero degree. I agree with you to a certain degree.
He has a master’s degree from Harvard.
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18. delay v. 延迟，耽搁 n 耽搁
a delay of two hours a two-hour delay
report it to the police without delay
Thousands of passengers were delayed for over an hour.
delay doing:He delayed telling her news,waiting for the right moment.
19. ● delight n. 快乐,乐事
to the delight of sb with delight
take(great)delight in doing: He takes great delight in proving others wrong.
The guitar is a delight to play.
v.让··高兴 delight in sth/ doing sth
delighted adj 感到高兴的 be delighted to do/ that/ by/at/ with
He was delighted at the news of the wedding.
delightful adj 令人高兴的
20. ● deliver v.接生，传递，解救，发表（讲解）
deliver a baby
Do you have your milk delivered?
She is due to deliver a lecture. 安排她做一个演讲。
v. 要求 n. 要求，需求 meet / satisfy one’s demands 满足··的需求
in demand 受欢迎的 ， 非常需要的 Good secretaries are always in demand. 总是急需好
I demand to see the manager.
I demand that all the books（should） be sent to Tibet.
21. depend v. 依靠，依赖
depend on He was the sort of person you could depend on .
Depend upon it we won’t give up. 请相信我们绝不会放弃。 It / That depends.看情况
22. describe v 描述 description n. 描述
Can you describe him to me? a brief / general description
24. design v. 设计 design a car/ a kitchen a badly designed kitchen
be designed for The film is designed for children.
be designed to do The programme is designed to help poor people.
25. desire v. 渴望 we all desire health and happiness.
n.渴望 欲望，愿望 a strong desire for power
26. destroy v. 损毁 The building was completely destroyed by fire.
ine v. 决定 determine to do They determined to start early.
be determined to do I am determined to succeed.
determination He fought the illness with courage and determination.
determined adj. 毅然决然的
p v.发展，壮大； 疾病开始侵袭；冲洗
She developed the company from nothing. I had the film developed.
Her son developed asthma when he was two. develop a habit 养成习惯
developed adj 发达的
developing adj 发展中的
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development n. 发展 with the development of science and technology
29.◎devotion n. 奉献，奉献精神 devote v. 奉献，贡献
one’s devotion to his job devote oneself/ one’s time /one’s energy to sth. /doing sth.
be devoted to sth/doing sth
日记 n. keep a diary
31. dictation 听写 n. have a dictation dictate v. 听写，口授，决定，影响
32.◎diet n. 饮食 go/be on a diet 节食
ent adj. 不同的 A be different from B in sth A与B 在··（方面）不同
difference n.
区别
tell the difference between A and B in sth 区别A与B在··方面的不同
make a / no / some difference to sb/sth 对··有影响
The rain didn’t make much difference to the game. 雨对这比赛丝毫没有影响。
34. difficult adj.艰难的 difficulty n. 困难
have difficulty (in) doing sth 在做··方面有困难 have difficulty with 名词
(dug ,dug ,digging) v.挖；挖掘
dig a hole 挖洞 dig sth up 掘地，平整土地；挖掘出
35. direction n. 方向，指导 in the direction of…朝….方向
in all directions 朝四面八方 from all directions 来自四面八方
under sb’s direction 在……指导下
direct v.指导，命令，指示 adj. 直接的， 笔直的，坦白的
director n 经理，导演，主管
37.◎disabled a. 残废的，残疾的 The disabled were sent to the hospital.
38.◎disadvantage n .
advantages and disadvantages take advantage of ```利用··
have an advantage over 优于…
39.◎disagree vi. 意见不一致，持不同意见
disagree with what sb. said disagree on/about sth 就某事达成一致意见
sth disagree with sb 食物天气等使某人身体不适
oint v. 使…..失望 The movie disappointed me.
disappointed / disappointing
be disappointed with /at 对··感到失望 be disappointed to see/hear/find
a disappointed expression 一个失望的表情 disappointing news 令人失望的消息
disappointment n. 失望 much to one’s disappointment
be a disappointment to sb
41.◎discount n. 折扣 discount price 折扣价 at a discount 以折扣价
42.● discourage使气馁 discourage sb from doing sth
discouraged 感到沮丧的 discouraging 令人沮丧的 discouragement 泄气，沮丧
er v.发现 discovery n. make a discovery
s v. 讨论 discuss sth with sb
discussion n. under discussion 在讨论中 have/ hold a discussion 开展讨论
n.盘子，餐具 I’ll do the dishes. 我来洗碗。
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46.◎dislike v. 不喜欢，厌恶 1) dislike doing
2) dislike it + 从句 I dislike it that he spoke to parents in a rude way.我讨厌他用粗鲁的方式与父母说话。
47. ◎dismiss v. 1) 拒绝考虑
dismiss sth as
He just laughed and dismissed my suggestion as unrealistic.
他只是笑笑，就以不实际为由拒绝了我的建议。
2）解雇 dismiss sb for sth 因sth而解雇sb dismiss sb. from ··把sb从（职位，地方）解雇掉
3) 打发走，解散 The teacher will dismiss the class early today because of the snow .
ce n. 距离 in the distance 在远处
at a distance of 数字 隔….距离
distant adj. 远的 ~relatives 远房亲戚
ction n. 区别，差别；卓越，优秀
1）make/draw a distinction 区别对待 2）the distinction between A and B A与B 间的区别
3) of great distinction 卓越的 4）have the distinction of doing sth 有荣誉殊荣做某事
50. distinguish v．区别，辨别 distinguish between A and B =distinguishA from B
distinguished adj. 卓越的，尊敬的 ~ guests 尊敬的客人
v. 划分；分配；除 ； divide sth up into 把…..分成…..份
divide sth up between / among sb 在….. 之间均分
The food was divided among all the people。 Nine divided by three is three.
Opinions are divided on the problem.
52.◎divorce 离婚，离异 1) n. get a divorce divorce rate 离婚率 2) v. get divorced
53.●donate v 捐赠,捐献 donate sth to sb/sth
donation n 捐赠 : organ donation 器官捐赠 make a donation to 为··捐赠
54. doubt n./ v. 怀疑
I never doubted that she would come. I doubted whether / if she would come.
（当主句是否定句时，宾语从句连词用that; 主句是肯定句时，宾语从句连词用if 或whether））
without / beyond doubt 毫无疑问
there is no doubt about sth there is no doubt that从句 毫无疑问····
airs adv.到楼下，在楼下 go downstairs
wn adj. 市中心的； adv.往市中心区 a downtown office go downtown
n. 打 2 dozen eggs 2 dozen of these eggs dozens of eggs
sell eggs by the dozen.
-dragged-dragged 拖，拽 1) drag a leg 2) drag sb down 使某人感到不愉快
-drew-drawn v.画； 拉，拖；吸引； draw the curtains
draw sb’s attention to sth draw a conclusion 得出结论
……draw near 临近，接近 Christmas is drawing near.
n. v. 做梦 dream of/about + n/doing dream a good dream
n. 衣服 v.穿衣服
She dressed the child in a coat. （dress sb in 给某人穿··）
She dressed well / badly.
be dressed in 穿着··（表 状态 ） get dressed in··穿着··（表动作）
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dress up 打扮 dress up as Father Christmas
-drank-drunk n.饮料 v. 喝
drink to 为……干杯 Let’s drink to the friendship between us.
drunk 喝醉的 drunken 喝醉了的
63. drive v.驾驶， 开车； 驱逐； 迫使 drive a car / taxi drive sb mad
n.滴 v. 落下； 降低； 倒下
The fruit dropped down from the tree.
The price of sugar will drop soon. drop behind 落在后面
drop in on sb/ at sp 顺便拜访人、地
drop off 下降，减退； 睡着了，打盹
drop out of sth 从…..退出，不再参加…… He dropped out of politics.
v. 淹死； （声音）掩盖 a drowning man 在溺水的人 a drowned man 一个溺水身亡的人
The noise of the train drowned his voice.
n. 药；毒品 take drugs 吸毒 drug addict 吸毒上瘾的人
adj.干的 v.弄干 dry up 干涸 ；枯竭，耗尽
drought adj 干旱
adj.到期的，预期的
be due to sb/sth 因为，由于 The team’s success was largely due to her efforts.
be due to do 预期干某事 The next train is due to arrive in five minutes.
The homework is due.
E----F
1. eager adj. 渴望的 be eager for sth be eager to do
2. earn v. 挣；赢得； earn a living /earn one’s living by doing···靠··谋生
she earns the respect of her students.
3. easy adj. Easier said than done 说时容易做时难 Take it easy 别急，放松
easily adv . 容易地
4. ◎educate v. 教育， 培养 educated a. 受过教育的 an educated person
education n. 教育 receive a good education
5. effect n. 影响，效果 cause and effect 因果 bring sth into effect 使生效
come into effect 生效 take effect 开始起作用，见效
have a/an … effect on sb/sth 对某人、某物有….影响
The medicine soon took effect. New controls come into effect next month.
Does television have an effect an children’s behaviour?
v. affect Does television affect children’s behaviour?
n. 努力 make an effort /make every effort/ make efforts (to do sth )做出努力
spare no effort(s) (to do )不遗余力
7. elder n 长者；长辈；adj 年纪较长的（只做定语）elder sister 大姐
Children have no respect for their elders nowadays.
8. ●elect （投票）选举 v. elect sb.(as)… an elected leader/representative 被选出的领导/代表
election n . win/lose a election run for election 参加竞选
9. ◎ 1）electrical a. 电的，电器的 electrical equipment/engineer
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2）electric 用电的，电动的 electric current 电流electric shock 电击 electric blanket
3) electronic 电子的 electronic calendar
10. else adj 别的/其他的（做后置定语）or else 否则
You can use somebody else’s car. Who else can do it?
12. ◎embarrass v. 使尴尬 embarrassed .adj 感到尴尬的 embarrassing adj. 令人尴尬的
embarrass sb. 让··尴尬 feel embarrassed about 对··感到尴尬 embarrassment n.
12. ◎emergency n. 紧急情况 in case of (an) emergency yi以防紧急情况
13. ◎encouragement n. 鼓励 encourage v.鼓励 encouraged adj. 被鼓舞的 encouraging adj. 鼓舞人心的
encourage sb to do sth
13. end n.末尾;终点;结束 v.结束;终止
bring sth to an end = put an end to sth 让··结束 sth come to an end sth 结束了
end up with end up in failure 以失败告终 end up doing
15. ◎ energetic a. 精力旺盛的，精力充沛的 energetically adv.
energy n. 精力 be full of energy
16. enough n 足够 adj足够的/充分的 ad足够地/充分地
I can’t thank you enough.=I can’t thank you too much. old enough to go to school
There are enough chairs for the guests.
17. enter vt进入 ,参加 entrance n.入口，入学 enter a room （enter+地方 进入）
enter for …报名参加… enter the competition the entrance to the hall 大厅的入口
the college entrance examination 大学入学考试
18. ◎ enthusiastic a. 热情的，热心的 enthusiastically adv. be enthusiastic about 热衷··
19. ●entry n. 进入 Countries seeking entry into the European Union.
20. ◎environment n. 环境 protect the environment environmentally friendly
21. envy vt/ n嫉妒/羡慕 envy sb sth
22. equal adj平等的，相同的 vt等于 be equal to sth/doing equal the world record
23. ●equip vt.提供设备；装备；配备 ；让··具备··（能力）
equip …A with B 用B来装备A （被动形式A be equipped with B）
We should be equipped with knowledge.
The course is designed to equip students for a career in nursing.
equipment (不可数)装备/设备 a piece of equipment
v / n 逃跑，逃脱escape +n/doing逃避… escape from …逃离（地点）
a narrow escape 九死一生 In the accident, they had a narrow escape. 在事故中，他们九死一生。
26. every other day= every second day= every two days 每隔一天、每两天
every few days 每几天
26. exact adj 精确的 to be exact 确切的说
exactly adv精确地 This is exactly what he needs.
e vt检查/诊察 have one’s eyes examined（have ··· done 让··被做··）
e n 榜样 set an example to/for sb（为··树立榜样） take sth for example （以··为例）
follow sb’s example （以··为榜样）
30. except prep除…之外
His composition is good except for some spelling mistakes.
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I didn’t tell him anything except that I needed the money.
31. ◎ exchange 交换，调换，交流
n. 1）fair exchange 公平的交换
2) in exchange 作为交换 He gave me a book and I gave him a pen in exchange
3) in exchange for sth 交换得到···
v. exchange A for B =exchange B with A exchange greetings互相问候
32. excite vt 使兴奋/使激动 If the loud noise excites the lion, he may attack you.
We are excited to hear the exciting news. in an excited voice用激动的声音
32. exist vi 存在 There exists no life on the moon.(有…)
there +动词 ： there lived a king in the castle long long ago.很久以前， 城堡里住着一位国王。
there stood a tall pine tree behind our house.我们房屋后面有一个松树
◎existence n. 存在 come into existence 开始存在，成立 be in existence 存在
35. ●expect 预料；盼望；认为,预料，预期，预计
You can’t expect to learn a foreign language in a few months.
expect sth of/from sb. expect too much of sb 对··期望很高 I except so/ I don’t except so
----Will you be late? ----I expect so. ( I guess / think so)
As expected, they finished the work ahead of time.
◎expectation n. 预料，期望
beyond (all) expectation(s) 出乎意料 contrary to (all) expectations 和预料相反
come up to one’s expectations 达到期望水平 fall short of one’s expectations 没达到期望
in expectation of 准备（有某种情况） He closed the windows in ~ of rain.
36. experience n 经历(cn) 经验(un)
v 经历,体验 experience a different culture
be experienced in sth/doing = have experience in sth/ doing 在（做）```方面经验丰富
37. experiment n 实验 make/ do/perform/carry out an experiment 做实验
38. ◎expert n. 专家 He is an ~ cook.
adj. 有经验的 be ~ at 擅长·· He is ~ at playing the piano.
39. explain v 解释 explain sth to sb 向sb 解释·· explanation n 解释
40. ◎exploit vt. 利用, 剥削 In the past, farmers were ~ by landlords.
开采，开发 We must ~ the country’s mineral resources 矿产资源 exploitation n.
41. ●explore vt./vi 勘探 explore sth for sth exploration n. oil exploration
43. ●expose 揭露 陈述，揭露（尤指对令人震惊的或故意保密的事实）
My job as a journalist is to expose the truth.
露出 He smiled ,exposing a set of amazingly white teeth.
Don’t expose a baby to strong sunlight.(把··暴露在··)
44. express v, 表达; adj, 快的 expression n 表达/词句/表情/神色
You are free to express yourselves in class. have a worried expression on one’s face
45. eye n 眼睛/眼力 have an eye for sth 对…有鉴赏力 keep an eye on sb/sth 照看/留意
catch one’s eye 吸引注意力
47. face n脸， 表情 v面对，面向，正视 face sth 面朝，面对
be faced with …面对，遇到
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47. ●fade vt./vi 褪色，（颜色）消退 The sun had faded the curtains.
The curtains had faded in the sun.
fade away (to disappear gradually) her smile /laughter /voice faded away
48. fail v.失败，不及格，衰退，未发生
fail to do sth I fail to see why you won’t give it a try.
fail ( in ) sth
fail in doing .
If rain fails, the farmers will suffer.
◎failure. n. 失败 Failure is the mother of success
失败的人或事 The man is a ~. The party was a ~
power failure 停电
49. fair adj公平的，相当大的，白皙的，晴朗的, 金黄的 n.博览会
a fair price/ fair skin/ a fair day /fair hair fairly pretty 相当可爱
(fell fallen) n秋季，跌倒; v降落，突然到来；（
系动词）v进入…状态
fall（=become） ill/asleep/silent fall behind 落在后面
fall over fall to the ground 掉在地上
fall down from../fall off… 掉落 A sudden silence fell.
My birthday falls on a Monday this year.
51. ◎fantastic. adj. 极好的 That s an ~idea.
巨大的 a ~ amount of money
荒诞的 a ~dream
52. far adj /adv远的，远地 farther, further ( further表抽象含义further study)
far from:离…远； 远远不… His work is far from satisfactory.
As/so far as I can see= In my opinion=Personally依我看….
53. fault n 缺点，毛病 Why should I say sorry when it’s not my fault?
find fault with sb
55. favor n 恩惠，好处，帮忙 Could you do me a favor?（do sb a favor 帮助sb）
Can I ask a favor? 请帮个忙好吗？ We are all in favor of the plan. 支持··
56. ●feast 盛会，宴会 v. feast your eyes 大饱眼福
n. a wedding feast 婚礼宴会
The evening was a real feast for music lovers.
56. feed v 喂养，饲养 They have a large family to feed.
We feed horses on grass.(We feed grass to horses.)
(felt,felt) vt, link.v 发觉，意识到，感觉
She couldn’t feel her legs.他的双腿失去了知觉。
You will feel better after a good night’s sleep.
I am not quite feeling myself today. We teachers feel strongly that …
The blind man felt his way along the road. feel like sth/doing sth 喜欢·
n,adj 不多，少数，少数的，
only a few/quite a few/a good few/every few days
I have a few friends here. /I have few friends here.（a few +可数名词复数 一些，few +可数名词复数
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几乎没有 ）
n,v数字，图形，身形，人物 be round in figure 呈圆形 have a good figure 身材好
figure out a problem 算出一道题 I couldn’t figure out who he was.我想不出他是谁。
vt vi填满，装满 Fill the glass with water. 把杯子装满水
A big crowd filled the hall. Her eyes were suddenly filled with tears. 她双眼饱含泪水
（主语be filled with ``, 主语里充满了··）
fill in the blank/fill in the hole/fill up 填充 ，填满
n v 电影，影片，拍摄 develop a film
Everything was covered in a film of dust.
62. find (found,found) v 找到，发现，感到
find one’s way
I find it necessary to find a good map.（find it adj to do sth , 发现做sth 是adj。It是形式宾语，不定式是真正宾语）
When she came to, she found herself lying in bed.（主语 +find +宾语+doing 发现宾语正在做··）
The teacher found herself surrounded by her students.（主语+find +宾语+过去分词 发现宾语被··）
I wanted to talk to him but he was nowhere to be found.
63. fire n 火 v射击，开火，解雇,点燃
on fire 着火 主语 +be set on fire 主语着火了 主语+catch on fire 着火
n合适的衣服 adj合适的，胜任的 v适合
a good fit 很合身 be fit for 适合，胜任 be fit to do 适合做·· keep fit 保持健康
fit sb well 很适合sb think(see) fit to do 认为合适
64. fix v.修理，安装，确定，决定
Has the date of the meeting been fixed?
The car can’t start—can you fix it?
Fix your eyes on the screen. Your eyes are fixed on the screen .
All the students are listening to the teacher with their eyes fixed on the blackboard.
fixed adj 固定好的 This is a fixed phrase.
66. flash n 闪光，转瞬间v闪光
Memories flashed through my mind.往事历历在目。 a flash of lightning in a flash 瞬间 即刻
69. ◎flesh. n. 肉 your own ~ and blood 你自己的亲骨肉
in the flesh 亲自，本人
70. flood n 洪水，一大阵 v 淹没 The river is in flood.河水泛滥。
What a flood of rain.好大一阵雨。 Letters flooded the office.信件大量涌入办事处。
Warmth flooded my heart.我心里热乎乎的。
n地板，（议会的）发言权 take the floor发言
live on the third floor have/get the floor取得发言权
72. ◎fluent adj. 流利的 He is ~ in English. He speaks ~ English
fluently adv. He speaks English fluently . fluency n.
73. fly(flew, flown) v 飞，飞行，放，飘，突然开n 飞行，苍蝇 flight .n 航班
Birds fly in the sky. A flag flies in the wind.
How time flies.时间飞逝。 The door flew open.门突然开了。
74. ◎focus. vt. 集中 ~ one’s eyes /attention on Eyes were ~ed on him
n. 焦点，引人注目的中心
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75. follow v 跟随，效仿，跟得上
follow sb up the stairs跟某人上楼 follow one’s example 以sb we榜样 follow this road 沿着这条路走
in the following years 在接下来的几年 Their requirements are as follows. 他们的要求如下
Do you follow me?
The teacher came in, followed by some students./following some students.
n傻子 v愚弄 make a fool of sb fool sb into doing sth All(April)Fools’ Day
ten for a dollar/take sb for a fool/So much for today/
a ticket for tomorrow He is tall for his age
78. ●forbid 禁止；不许 (forbade/ forbade, forbidden/ forbid)
forbid sb. from doing 阻止sb做·· forbid do 禁止sb做·· forbid doing 禁止做··
the Forbidden City 紫禁城
79. force v强迫，迫使n 外力，军队
force sb to do sth 强迫sb 做·· force sb into doing 迫使sb做·· force one’s way 强行挤过去
force a smile
82. forget v忘记 （forgot, forgotten） forget to do sth/forget doing
Don’t forget me to your mother. You must do it before you forget it.
Forget about sth 别再想… Forget it.
83. ●fortune u/n财产；运气 seek one’s fortune 碰运气 make one’s fortune 发财
fortunate adj. 幸运的 fortunately adv.
84. free adj自由的，空闲的，免费的 v 让··自由
be free from/of
free of charge 免费 for free 免费 free sb from(of) a tax-free shop/a smoke-free room
85. freeze （froze， frozen）
vi vt 结冰 Water freezes at zero degrees centigrade.
I am freezing.我快冻僵了。 Smiles froze on her face.笑容在她脸上僵住了。
be frozen/freeze to death 要冻死了
freezing adj 极冷的 frozen adj. 冷冻的
86. fresh adj新鲜的 fresh air/water/color/news
87. friend n 朋友 make friends with sb a friend of Mary’s / a friend of mine
friendly adj友好的
n（不可数） 有趣的事，娱乐，玩笑 It is great fun to swim in a pool in summer.
have fun doing 做··很开心 just for fun 只是玩笑 make fun of sb 捉弄sb
89. ◎function. n. 功能，作用，职责 the ~ of a chairman. 聚会，集会 official ~s
v. 起作用，正常工作 The machine functions well.
G
n.收益，获利v获得，赚得，赢得 gain knowledge
The clock gains. He gained 10kg in weight. No pains, no gains.
2. ●gather vt vi 聚集，采集 gathering n. 集会
gather breath 换气 gather courage鼓起勇气 gather strength 力量逐渐增强
She gathered a crowed around her.
A crowed of people gathered around her. The train was gathering speed.
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3.◎generous adj. 慷慨大方的It s ~ of you to lend me the car. be ~ to sb 对某人慷慨
丰盛的 a ~ meal. generosity n.
v成为，得到，到达 Mother often gets me to wash the dishes.
The machine broke down. Can you get it working?
I am going to get my bike repaired. You got it.你明白了
Hard work can get you somewhere.
get sth across to sb 让sb明白什么 get along with 与··相处 get down to 开始着手做··
get rid of··戒掉，摆脱掉··
get round 消息传开，走动，四处旅行 get away with 侥幸逃脱
get away from 逃离 get on
n赠品，礼 a birthday gift have a gift for a man of many gifts
◎gifted = talented 有天赋的 a ~ student
7. give v 递给，付出，给予 give out/up/away/in/off
8. ◎glory n. 荣誉，光荣，赞美 It s a great glory to die for our country.
glorious adj.
9. go （went,gone） v 去，走，到 n尝试 All the money he got went in books.
The story goes that there was a mean landlord named ZhouBapi.
Where does the book go? There is five minutes to go./There is a long way to go.
go hungry/thirsty/mad/bad/wrong have a go 试试 be on the go 忙碌
10. good adj n have a good time doing a good few books
a good many books give sb a good beating as good as 和…一样好，几乎
be good at English be good for one’s health 对··有益 be good to sb 对待sb很好
do good to sb=do sb good It is no good doing
goodness .n 善良，精华 goodness knows 天晓得
11. ◎grasp vt. 抓牢，抓紧 He suddenly ~ my arm.
理解，领会 He ~ d what I said.
12. ●grateful 感激的，感谢的
be grateful for sth (to sb) /that I’m so grateful for all your help.
She was grateful that he helped him a lot.
13. ◎greedy adj. 贪婪的 It’s ~ for you to take so money. 贪图权利 be ~ for power
14. greet v招呼，迎接，入（耳），触（目），扑（鼻）
greet sb with a nod 点头示意 greet the New Year 迎接新年
A sweet smell greets the nose.香气扑鼻
vt vi link.v 成长，变得 He grew tall./old.
I grew to like the dog.(grow to do=come to do) 开始喜欢狗了 a growing number of people
16. ●guarantee 保证 v
guarantee sb./sth I ~ you a wonderful film.
guarantee to do I can’t ~ to work for more than a year.
guarantee that … I ~ that you’ll love this film.
17. guess v 猜测 What do you guess has happened to him? I guess so./I guess not.
You have guessed it.
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18. ◎guidance n. 引导，指导，建议 under one’ ~ = with one’s help 在sb 指导下
guide v/n. 引导，导游
19. ◎guilty adj. 有罪的 He was ~ of murder. He was found ~ .
I feel ~ of what I did. .
H
n 习惯 form/develop the(a) habit of 养成··习惯 be in the(a )habit of 有··习惯
fall/get into the(a) habit of 开始养成··习惯
v 传递n手，指针 have a hand in give/lend sb a hand=help sb
hand in 上交 hand out 分发 hand down 传下来 from hand to hand 手手相传
on the one hand…on the other hand…一方面····另一方面
3.◎handle n. 把手 the ~ of the door vt. 处理，应付 I have no idea how to ~ the children.
4.●handy adj 便利的，顺手的 It’s quite a handy little tool.
I always keep my gun handy just in case.
(hung, hung )vt vi 绞刑，上吊，悬挂 hang one’s head in shame含羞低头
hang curtains 挂窗帘 hang out/up
v 发生，碰巧 What happened to her? 事+happen to sb 某人发生某事
It so happened that I had no money with me.
I happened to have no money with me. 人+happen to do sth 某人碰巧做··
几乎不 Hardly does she go home.
Hardly had he got home when it began to rain.
8.◎harm 危害 n do (no) ~ to sb/sth v ~ sb/sth
9. harvest n. A heavy snow promises a good harvest. 瑞雪兆丰年 get in the harvest 收庄稼
v. 讨厌 hate to do/ doing I hate it when people cry.（it
做形式宾语指代后面的从句）
11. have v.
○1 have (got) to
○2 have on 穿着(表状态，无进行时态) He had a red jacket on.
○3 have sth done 让别人做某事/ 主语遭受… Is this the watch you have repaired? She had her bag stolen.
○4 have sb do 让某人去做某事 Who do you have type the letter?
○5 have something / nothing to do with…与..有/没有关系
○6 have sb doing…使某人做某事/ 与cannot/won’t连用表示不能容忍…
I have my students listening attentively. 我使学生们听得入神.
I can’t have people arriving late all the time. 我不能忍受人们总是迟到.
12. head 1) n. ○1 use your head 动动脑筋 ○2 hold one’s head high趾高气扬
○3 from head to foot/ toe从头到脚 ○4 hit sb. on the head 击中某人的头
2) v. head for sp.朝某处走去
13. health n. healthy adj. in good / bad health keep healthy 保持健康
~ diet 健康的饮食
14. hear v. （heard，heard）
○1 hear about / of 听说 ○2 hear from 收到某人的来信
○3 hear sb. do/ doing 听到某人做了某事/听到某人正在做某事
15. heart n. ○1 learn sth. by heart 记住 ○2 lose heart 灰心,泄气
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○3 lose one’s heart to sb.倾心于某人 ○4 heart and soul 全心全意 ○5 from the bottom of one’s heart 由衷的
15. heavy adj. heavily adv.
○1a heavy smoker 烟瘾极大的人 ○2heavy rain/ traffic 大雨/交通繁忙 ○3 it rains heavily
16. height n. 高度 ○1 at a height of 30,000 meters ○2 It’s about 2 meters high/ in height.
18. help n. / v. ○1 help sb. (to) do/with sth. ○2 help sb out of 帮助..摆脱…
○3 can’t help doing 禁不住做… ○4 can not help but do不得不做某事
○5 help oneself to sth. 随便用… ○6 with one’s help 在某人帮助下
19.◎helpful adj. be very ~ = be of great help
20.◎hesitate vt. 犹豫 ~ to do sth hesitation n. without hesitation
1) adj. at a high / low price in a high voice in high spirits 兴高采烈地
2) adv. 与 highly的区别
○1high表示具体的含义 “高高地 ” fly high in the sky/ jump high
○2highly表示的是抽象的含义 “高度地” a highly developed country 高度发展得国家
think / speak highly of··对··评价很高
22. history n. ○1 in history 在历史上 ○2 the history of America 美国的历史
○3 have a long history / have a history of… ○4 make history 创造历史
23. hit (hit , hit)
1) v. ○1撞 击打 hit sb. on the head
○2袭击 An earthquake hit there.
○3 突然想起 An idea hit/ strike/occur to me. （sth hit sb=sth occur to sb sb突然想到）
It suddenly hit me that…….我突然想到
2) n.受欢迎的/引起轰动的人或物 He is a real hit. // a hit song
24. hold- held-held ○1 catch / get / take hold of 抓住 拿着
○2 hold a meeting举行会议 hold one’s breath 屏住呼吸
hold office/ the position 任职 hold sb. prisoner 监禁某人
hold one’s head high 趾高气扬 hold together （使…）团结一致
○3 hold on 别挂断；稍等，等着； 坚持住，挺住
hold up 支撑; 延误，耽搁；抢劫；举出例子，提出…作为榜样
An accident is holding up traffic.
She’s always holding up her children as models of good behavior.
hold on to 抓住不放； 保住…不出卖
hold back 拦阻；向某人隐瞒（from sb.）;抑制，控制
She managed to hold back her anger/ tears.
hold out 坚持，维持；伸出手，递出东西； hold out my hands
○4 容纳 The plane holds about 300 passengers.
24. honor 1) n.荣誉，光荣
○1 in honor of 为了纪念 向某人表达敬意
○2 It’s an honor for sb. to do sth.
2) v. honor sb.给某人荣耀 The president honored us with a personal visit.
sb. be honored… 感到荣幸 I was honored to have been mentioned in his speech.
26. hope 1) n. in (the) hope of…/ that clause. 抱着…的希望
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He went abroad in the hope of earning a lot of money. 他抱着多挣钱的希望出国的。
2) v. ○1hope to do sth. ② hope so/ I hope not.
○3 hope for… 期待着… Hope for the best, prepare for the worst
○4 I hope that you are well./ I wish that I were a bird.
27 ◎host n。 主人 hostess 主持人 ~ of the TV show
东道主 ~ country vt.主持，主办 ~ the party/meeting/Olympic games
s n. 女主人 actor actress
waiter waitress god goddess女神
29.◎hug v. hugged hugged 拥抱
They put their arms around each other and hugged.
The track hugs the coast for a mile. (有一段距离紧挨某物)
n. He stopped to receive hugs and kisses from the fans.
He gave her mother a big hug.
30.◎humor n. 幽默 ----humorous adj.幽默的
n. I can’t stand people with no sense of humor.
They failed to see the humor of the situation.
v. she thought it best to humor him rather than get into an argument.
31. ◎hunt v. 打猎 a. lions sometimes hunt alone. / whales are being hunted and killed.
b. she is hunting for a new job.
c. police are hunting for an escaped criminal.
hunt sb down hunt out
33. hurry 催促，匆忙 1) v. hurry sb. /sth. up 催促某人 hurry up 快点，赶快
2）n. in a hurry 赶快
vi./ vt. 受伤， hurt one’s feelings/ leg； be badly hurt
My leg hurts. Where does it hurt? 你哪疼？
I-J-K
n. have some/ no idea + 从句 / of …
I have no idea why she left. 我不知道她为什么离开
I have no idea of his address.
2. ◎identity n 身份 The police are trying to discover the identity of the killer.
The thief used a false identity. identity card=ID card
identify v. 确认身份
adj 生病的 1) ill与sick的区别 He was ill/ sick. a sick mother
2) = bad have a bad/ an ill effect on…影响不好 speak/ think ill of sb. 说某人的坏话
5. ◎illegal（反义词 legal） adj. 非法的 It is illegal to drive through a red light.
illegally adv. He entered the country illegally.
6. imagine v. 想象 imagine sth. / doing sth. I can’t imagine life without the children now.
I can’t imagine his becoming a teacher.
7.◎immediately adv. 立即，马上 He answered almost immediately.
Turn right immediately after the church.
conj. Immediately he had gone,I remembered her name.
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immediate adj. 立即的 ，直接的，目前的 an immediate reaction / response
take immediate action
8. ●import 进口，输入 n. the import of electrical goods.
v. All the meat is imported from France.
9. ◎ impression n. 印象 a) get a good / bad impression of sb a general / an overall impression 总体印象
b) My words made no impression on her. （给··留下··的印象）我的话没有给他留下印象
His trip to India makes a strong impression on him. 他的印度之旅给他留下了深刻印象。
c) be under the impression that
I was under the impression that the work had already been completed.
impress v. impress sb with sth / sb He impressed us with his sincerity. 他的真诚给我们留下深刻印象
impress sth on / upon sb He impressed on us the need for immediate action.
impress sth / itself on / upon sth Her words impressed themselves on my memory. 他的话留在了我记忆中。
prep.
○1 in a word一句话说 ○2 in all 总共
○3 in modern times 在现代 ○4 be measured in tons 用吨来衡量
○5 in that… 因为 She was lucky in that she had friends to help her .
○6 in the eighteenth century/ in the1990s ○7 in one’s twenties在sb二十几岁（in one’s forties 在sb四十几岁时）
○8 in pencil/ English/ ink用铅笔/英语/墨水 ○9 pay sth in cash （用现金）
1○0 The wall is 3meters in height/high. / The rope is 3 meters in length/long.
e v. 包含， 包括 Everyone laughed, including me. (me included.)
13. increase 1) v. increase to / by 增加到/了
2) n Great demands lead to a large increase in supply. 大量的需求导致了供应的大幅提升。
increasingly adv. 越来越多地，不断增加地
increasingly difficult/ important/ popular
15. ◎indicate v指示，表明 A red sky at night often indicated fine weather the next day.
In his letter, he indicated to us that he was willing to cooperate.
indication n. indication of sth / doing sth
They gave no indication of how the work should be done .
16. ◎ industry n. 工业------ industrial adj. heavy / light industry
17. influence n. 影响 have a strong… ~ on/ upon sb / sth 对··有影响
~over sb / sth His parents no longer have any ~ over her.
under the ~ of sb / sth He committed the crime under the ~ of the drugs.
Those friends are a bad ~ on her.
v. His writings have ~d the lives of millions.
18.● inform 告诉，通知 v inform sb. of /that 从句 告知别人sth
We regret to inform you that your application has been rejected.
keep sb. informed of make informed decision 做明智的决定
informed adj.见多识广的， 消息灵通的
19.◎ injure v. 让··受伤 He ~d his knee playing football.
This could seriously ~the company’s reputation.
injury n. 伤 injuries There were no injuries in the crash.
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The players are out of the team because of injury.
20. ◎ insert v. 安插，插入 ~ sth in / into/ between sth
They ~a tube in his mouth to help him breathe.
~ sth into sth He ~ed a paragraph into his will（遗嘱）.
1The man insisted that he hadn’t stolen anything and that he (should) be set free. 21. insist v.
坚持 ，坚决主张，强调 ○ ○2 insist on doing sth. 坚持做··
22. ◎inspect v.检查，视察 inspection n. inspector n. 检察员
The teacher walked around inspecting their work.
23. ◎instant n/ adj. 瞬间，立刻 ------ instantly adv.
adj. The show was an ~success. ~coffee / noodles 速溶咖啡，方便面
n. I will be back in an ~. At the very~, the door opened.
I recognized her the ~ I saw her. (the instant =the moment =when)
d adv. 代替，而不是 Lee was ill, so I went instead. / He didn’t reply. Instead, he left.
instead of: Now I can walk to work instead of going by car.
25.◎instruct v. 教，指导 ~ sb to do She arrived at 10 o’ clock as ~ed.
The letter ~him to report to headquarters immediately.
instruction n. 指示，指导 follow one’s instructions carry out（执行） / ignore one’s ~s
26.● insure 给…保险 vt. Have you insured the contents of your home?
27.●intend 想要，打算 intend (sb.)to do I intend to spend the night there.
intend that It is intended that these meetings will become a regular event.
be intended for sb./sth The book, intended for children aged 5-7,sells well.
28.◎ intention n 意图，打算 ~ of doing sth / to do sth I have no ~ of going to the wedding.
I had every~ of paying her back what I owe her. She is full of good ~s.
He left England with the ~ of traveling in Africa.
st 1) v. 激发兴趣 interest sb. I bought the book that interested me most.
2) n. ○1兴趣（U） show /have / feel/ express (an) interest in…
lose interest in… 失去对··的兴趣 I watched the game with interest. 有兴趣地
○2 利益(C) 常用复数形式 protect customers’ interests
○3 a place of interest， places of interest 风景名胜
30.◎ interpreter n. 口译者 interpret v. 口译，翻译 ~ the poem
~ sth as~ I didn’t know whether to ~ her silence as acceptance or refusal.
~ for sb Her children ~for her.
31. ◎ interview 采访 n. a television / newspaper / radio ~
v. Which post are you being ~ed for? If you don’t ~well , you are unlikely to get the job.
interviewee 被采访者 interviewer 面试官，采访者 n.
32. introduce v. 引入，介绍 introduction n.
○1 introduce sb. to sb./ oneself
○2 introduce sb. to sth.使初次了解 It was she who first introduced me to the pleasures of sailing。
○3introduce new technology 引入新技术 ○4 an introduction to English grammar
n. 阻塞 traffic jam
Japanese language
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v. 加入，参加 ○1join the party/ army 入党 ，入伍 ○2join sb. in sth. / doing sth.加入sb做··
○3join in the game ○4join hands with sb.与某人联手
○5连接 join A to B./ join A and B The island is joined to the mainland by a bridge.
n. 玩笑 ○1play a joke on sb. 开某人玩笑 ○2have/ make a joke with sb.
n. 欢乐，喜悦 ○1 (much) to one’s joy 让··高兴的是 ○2light up with joy 露出高兴的神情
n. 裁判；法官
The judge sentenced him to five years in prison.
1) v. ○1Don’t judge a book by its cover. 不要以貌取人
○2 judge by / from
Judging by his letter, they are having a wonderful time.
judgement n. 判决 pass judgement on sb/ sth 通过对…的判决
v. ○1 keep (on)doing 一直做…
Why do you keep laughing all the time? 你为什么一直在笑?
He is always keeping (on ) asking me the same question.
○2 keep a secret/ one’s word/ a record ○3 keep sb / sth from doing 阻止sb做··
○4 keep the door open（keep +宾语+adj 让·宾语保持··状态）
Keep her waiting（keep+宾语+doing 让宾语一直做··
Keep the book in your hand(keep +宾语+介词短语)
Keep us informed of news （keep 宾语 过去分词 让宾语被··）
○5 keep calm/ healthy/ left （keep+daj 保持··状态） ○6 keep sheep 养羊
○7 keep up with 跟上 keep up (天气)持续不变 The rain kept up all afternoon.
keep back 抑制, ,忍住 keep sth back from sb. 向某人隐瞒
keep away from 远离 keep off 不接触 Keep off grass!
n. 钥匙，关键 the key to success 成功的关键
adj . be kind to sb. 对某人友好
2) n. a kind of +可数名词单数 一种·· all kinds of可数名词复数 各种各样··
3) kind of 稍微 有点儿 That made me feel kind of stupid.
42. knee n 膝盖 go / get down on one’s knees keel v. 跪下
v. ○1knock at the door 敲门 ○2knock around/ about 漫游/ 虐待
○3knock down 撞到/拆掉 knock over 撞翻
v. ○1know of/ about 知道 获悉 了解 ○2 be known for/ as ○3get to know sb. 逐渐了解…
dge n. 知识（不可数） ○1Knowledge is power. ○2have a good knowledge of…精通··
L
2. lack 缺少，缺乏 v. lack (for) sth lack courage/money
n. ○1a lack of money ○2for lack of …因为缺乏…
be lacking in 缺乏…
2. last 1) adj. the last person/ thing 最不可能的、最想不到的
He’s the last person I’d trust. The last thing I want to do is homework.
2) adv. last but not least 最后但是同样重要的是
3）n． He was the last to arrive.
4) vi.持续 The war lasted (for) 3 years.
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3. late 1) adj. ○1be late for… were you late for the meeting held last Friday ? 上周五举行的会议你迟到了吗？
○2 in the late 1970s 20世纪70年代末
2) adv. ○1get up late ○2 late in the afternoon 傍晚
3) ○1better late than never 迟到总比不到好
○2It’s never too late to mend 亡羊补牢
○3 of late = lately/ recently I haven’t seen him of late.
4. lately = recently 最近
5. later adv. ○1sooner or later ○2 no later than…不迟于
○3later on 后来 Much later on, she realizes what he had meant.
Five years later , he left the company.
latter n. 后者
6. laugh v. 笑 ○1laugh at… 嘲笑·· ○2 laugh your head off 大笑不止
○3 burst out laughing/ burst into laughter
7. law n. ○1 obey/ keep the law 守法 break the law 违法 ○2 by law 依据法律
8. lay – laid- laid v. 放置， 下蛋
○1lay the table 放桌子 ○2lay eggs 下蛋
○3lay aside 把…放在一边 ○4lay down 放下
○5 lay off 解雇 (laid-off 下岗的)
9. lead-led-led v. 领导， 导致
1 lead/ have a happy life 过着快乐的生活 ○ ○2lead to sth. / doing 导致
10. learn- learnt-learnt v ○1 learn from 从…中学习,向…学习 ○2learn about/ of 听说 得知
○3learn… by heart 记住
11. least adj. ○1 at (the) least 至少 ○2 not in the least 一点儿也不
She didn’t have the least idea what to do about it.
11. leave -left-left 1) v. ○1leave sp. for sp 离开…去…
○2leave + 宾语+宾补
leave the door open （leave + 宾语+adj， 让宾语处于adj的状态）
leave her waiting for 2 hours （leave + 宾语+doing， 让宾语做··）
leave him out leave him an orphan 使他成为孤儿（leave + 宾语+n， 让宾语成为n）
○3丢下 leave sth. +介词短语 leave the key on the bus
○4leave out 遗漏 leave behind 把…丢在后边
leave alone,不打扰,不碰 leave off 不包括,不把…列入
2) n. 假期 ask for a two-week leave
13. lecture n. attend a lecture give / deliver a lecture to sb. on…给sb上一堂关于···的课
14. left adj.
左边的 adv. n. 左边 ○1make a left turn turn left/ turn to the left 向左拐
○2the money left / the remaining money
15. lend a hand to sb. / lend sb. a hand=help sb（lend sth to sb=lend sb sth）
16. length n. 长度 ○1The road was 32 miles in length / long ○2at length 最后，终于/ 详细地
17. less than… 比··少 ○1no less than… 不少于 ○2more or less 或多或少
○3even/ much/ still less 更不用说
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No explanation was offered, still less an apology.
18. lesson n. ○1take/ have lessons 上课 ○2give lessons 授课
○3teach/ give sb. a lesson给某人一个教训
○4draw/ take a lesson from … 从…吸取教训
19. let-let-let ○1let sb. in/ out 让某人进来、出去 ○2let sb(sth.) go let go of sb(sth.) 放手…放弃...
○3let alone 不打扰/不碰/更不用说 ○4let out 发出(叫声) let off 使…爆炸
○5let sb. down 使失望 ○6let… be 别理某人
20. lie vt. 说谎 (lied-lied-lying) lie to sb 对sb撒谎
n. 说谎 tell a lie/ tell lies
vi.平躺 (lay-lain-lying) lie on your back/side
vi.位于;存在 (lay-lain-lying) lie in/on/to
The book lay open on the desk.
There lies…
there lies a calm river behind our new built house.我们新修的房子后面有一条平静的河。
lie in
在于… Success lies in hard work.
21. life n.1)生命 (pl. lives) lose/save one’s life；
2)生活 everyday life 日常生活；
lay down one’s life for sb. 为…牺牲生命
live/ lead a …life
3)bring…back to life 使…更有趣； come back to life 变得活跃,苏醒过来
22. lift 1) n. take the lift乘电梯； give sb. a lift 让某人搭便车
Passing the exam gave him a real lift. 他通过了考试，情绪好多了。
2）vt.举起：lift one’s eyes 抬起眼睛; He stood there with his hands lifted above his head.
高兴起来：The news lifted our spirits.
23. light 1) n.光线 by the light of the moon; throw light on/ upon(把…阐述清楚)
灯 turn on/ off the lights； The light went out.灯熄灭了
2)adj. 明亮的， 浅色的，轻的
a light classroom；light blue eyes；as light as a feather；a light / sound sleep
2) vt. 点亮（lighted- lighted/ lit- lit）
light a candle 点燃蜡烛； a lighted candle 一支被点亮的蜡烛； light up
24. like vt. I like it when you do that.(主语+like/hate appreciate it +when/that /if 从句)
would like (sb.) to do=want (sb)to do ； How do you like(find) …/ What do you think of/ about…
1) prep. I, like everyone else, have read these stories.
2) feel like doing
25. ◎likely adj. 可能的 more ~ most ~
a.人或物 be ~ to do / that 从句·· 人或物可能···
Tickets are ~ to be expensive. 票可能很贵 It is more than ~ that the thieves don’t know how much it is worth.
b. a ~ story 好像真有这回似的
26. limit n. 界限，限度 vt. 限制
a) ~ to…；without limit 无限地 There is a limit to the amount of pain I can bear.我能承受的疼痛是有限的。
b) ~ sb. to sth /doing sth：My parents limit my pocket money to 300 yuan.
26. line n. 线， 线路
lines 台词 between the lines 字里行间
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on line 在线的，上网的；drop sb a line给…写封短信
The line is busy.
电话占线。 Hold the line, please.
别挂电话
28. ◎link 连接 n. a） There may be a ~ between the 2 murders.
b.） to establish trade ~s with Asia c）. a video / satellite ~ d.） a ~ in the chain
v. a.） ~ A to/ with B ~ A and B(together)
The video cameras are ~d to a powerful computer.
The English Tunnel links Britain with the rest of Europe.
B）. The 2 factors are directly~ed.
Exposure to ultraviolet (紫外线) light is closely ~ed to skin cancer.
c.） ~ up (with sb / sth) The bands have ~ed up for a charity concert.
29. list n. v. make a list of… 列一个…的清单； list our ten favorite songs （列举）
30. ◎litter
n. 垃圾 a.） There will be fines to people who drop~.
b）. ~ of sth The floor was covered with a ~ of newspapers, clothes and empty cups,
v. 弄乱，乱丢垃圾 a.） Piles of books and newspapers ~ed the floor. Broken glass ~ed the street.
b）. be ~ed with sth Your article is ~ed with spelling mistakes.
31. little-less-least not a little 非常=very； more than a little 非常
She felt tired and more than a little worried.
Little did I know about him. 我一点也不了解他。
32. live 1) v. 居住，生活 /liv/ live/ lead a … life； live on 以…为生; live by doing 靠做…为生
live life to the fullest 充实地生活； live up to 符合,不辜负
live with 与..住在一起；忍受 live through 经历过…而活着
2) adj./adv. /laiv/ 活着的，现场直播 a live fish; a live football match; broadcast live 直播
区分living/alive/ live / lively
When I reached the hospital, he was alive. catch sb alive; 活捉
keep our culture alive He is the greatest musician living in the world
a lively discussion/lecture
33. load 1) n.负荷，重担 bear the load of bringing up her family alone 独自承受着养家的重担
2) vt. 装载 load… with…: a car loaded with goods 装有货物的车
34. long 1) adj./adv. long before 很久以前 =long ago He had left long before I arrived here.
before long 不久以后 =soon We’ll come back before long.
in the long run 从长远看 no longer/ not any longer 不再
as long as 只要 So long = Bye-bye 再见
2) v. 渴望 long for sb. /sth long to do
Lucy has longed for a brother. I’m longing to see you again.
35. look 1) n. 看；神情；外貌 have / take a close look at; He didn’t like the look in her eyes.
2) link-v. ~ + adj. / n. You made me look a complete fool.
look like 看起来像 That looks like an interesting book.
look as if 看起来好像 It looks as if it is going to rain.
3) v. look yourself 常用于否定句，“气色不像往常好”
You’re not looking yourself today.
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4) 其它短语： look one’s age
look after 照顾 look around 环顾四周 look back on 回顾
look down upon/on 瞧不起，向下看 look forward to 期待 look into 调查，看到··里面
look on…as 把··看作 look out 小心，向外看 look through 看穿，温习，彻底审查
look up 好转 look up sth in ··在··里查找sth look up to 敬仰
36. ◎ loose adj. 宽松的，不牢固的 a.) She usually wears her hair ~.
The potatoes were sold ~ not in bags.
b.) The sheep were ~ on the road. c.) a ~ shirt d. )~ soil
e.) a ~ alliance/ coalition / federation f.) break / tear / cut sb / sth ~ from sb / sth
He cuts himself ~ from his family. hang / stay ~
let sb / sth ~ Let her hair ~
V. 弄松，释放 n. 解放，放任 adv. 松散地
37．lose –lost-lost v. 丢失 失去 输掉 （钟表）走慢
be lost/gone/missing a lost /missing boy
lose the game输掉比赛；lose weight减肥；lose one’s way迷路lose oneself in/ be lost in迷失在··
Lost in thought, he didn’t notice me.
This clock loses/gains(走快)two minutes a day.
loss n. 迷茫 ，迷失，损失 be at a loss 不知所措； suffer much /great loss
The loss of him only son made him sad.
38. lot n. a lot of = lots of parking lot 停车场
a lot adv. 很，非常 Thanks a lot 修饰比较级 I’m feeling a lot better now.
39. 区分loud/aloud/ loudly
loud adj. in a loud voice adv. To make us hear more clearly, the teacher spoke louder.
aloud adv. read aloud. Don’t read it silently.
loudly adv. She screamed as loudly as she could.
40. ◎lucky adj. be ~ to do / (for sb)that He is ~ to be alive.
She was ~enough to be chosen for the team.
You were ~ that you spotted the danger in time.
It was ~for us that we were able to go. Lucky you .你真走运。
You will be lucky. 但愿你走运。
luckily adv. 幸运地
M
1. mad adj. 发疯的；生气的； drive sb. mad/crazy； go mad/crazy；
be mad at/ with sb. about …因…和…生气
2. mail n./ vt. send a letter by mail /post; mail sth to sb/ mail sb sth
3. main adj. mainly adv. the main road / course
4. major 1) adj. 较大的 主要的 a major road
2) n. 主修课程；专业课 主修某专业的学生
When I was at university, English was my major. In other words, I was an English major.
3) vi. 主修… I majored in English.
5. majority n.大多数 minority 少数
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the / a majority of … The / A majority of people interviewed prefer TV to radio.
5. make v. 1) 制造 做make sth. into…把…制成… be made into
The gold will be made into earrings.
make sth. (out) of… --- be make of… the cup held in my hand is made of glass.
make sth. from… --- be made from… this sort of juice is made from cherry.
2) make coffee/tea 煮咖啡/沏茶; make the bed 铺床
3) make yourself heard/ understood (使你自己被听到/理解)
make sb do sth----sb be made to do (使某人做某事)
The government has made these companies that polluted the river take action to decrease the pollution.
These companies were made to decrease the pollution.
She made him her assistant. (任命)
4)link-v 成为 She will make a good mother. This room would make a nice office.
5) make money/ a fortune/ a living
6) make it 获得成功;幸免于难,渡过难关;准时到达;能够出席到场
He will never really make it as an actor. 作为演员他永远不会真正的成功.
The doctors think he’s going to make it. 医生们认为他能挺过去.
I’m sorry I won’t be able to make it on Sunday. 很抱歉, 星期天我不能到场.
7) make the most of… 充分利用 8) make out 辨别清楚; 理解,明白
I could just made out a figure in the darkness. I can’t make out what she wants.
9) make up 组成; 编造; 补上(for);化妆; 和好
Can I leave early this afternoon and make up the time tomorrow?
我今天下午早点儿走,明天补上这段时间,可以吗?
Has he made up with her yet? 他跟她和好了吗?
v. 经营,管理;设法完成 management n. manager . 经理
manage a factory; manage to do = succeed in doing 成功做成··
8. manner n. 1）方式，方法；态度，举止 in a friendly manner 友好的态度
2）礼貌，礼仪 （常用复数形式） table manners 餐桌礼仪
It’s good /bad manners to do sth 做某事有礼貌/没礼貌
1) vt./vi. 行军,行进 march on Washington DC 向华盛顿进军
2) n. on the march 在行军中
10. mark 1) v. 标记; 打分,评成绩; 纪念, 庆贺, 标志着
the goods marked with prices 标有价格的货物; All his things are marked with his name.
I hate marking exam papers
我讨厌给试卷打分
a ceremony to mark the 70th anniversary of the foundation of China. 纪念中国建国70周年庆典
His death marked the end of an era(时代).
He marked his name on the these new books.
2)n. 成绩,分数;记号; get a low/high mark 得到低分/高分 get full marks 得到满分 make a mark 做记号
11. marry v.结婚 marry sb 娶/嫁给某人 marry sb. to sb 把某人嫁给某人
get/be married to sb 与某人结婚； has/have been married for 2 years.已经结婚···
marriage .n 婚姻
12. mass n. 团,块,大量 a mass of / masses of； the masses 群众
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a mass of cloud 一朵云彩/ masses of clouds 朵朵云彩
13. master 1）n． 主人；能手； 硕士学位 the master of one’s own future 自己未来的主人；
get one’s master’s degree in ·· 得到某人在··（方面）的硕士学位
3） vt. 精通,掌握,控制 master a foreign language; master her temper了解她的脾气
14. match –matches
1) 比赛;火柴;匹敌的人,对手;匹配的人/物
strike a match划火柴 a box of matches 一盒火柴
I was no match for him at tennis. 打网球我不是他的对手
I’m his match at tennis. 打网球我跟他难分伯仲
The curtains and carpet are a good match.窗帘和地毯非常相配。
2) vt.配对,匹配;匹敌 match A with B No one can match him in maths.
15. material n. c/u 材料;布料 a piece of material 一块布料; reading/building materials 阅读/建筑材料
16. matter
1) v. 要紧,有关系 It is the ability to do the job that matters not where you come from or what you are.
（it is
··that·强调句） 重要的是做这份工作的能力而不是你来自哪里你是谁
The children matter more to her than anything else in the world. 对她来说孩子是世上最重要的事。
2)物质 (U) Air is matter。 问题，毛病 What’s the matter with…···怎么了？
情况,事态（matters） to make matters worse=what’s worse / worse still 更糟糕的是
关键；关乎…的事情 It’s a matter of… It’s a matter of money.是钱的问题 as a matter of fact
17. mean adj. 小气的,刻薄的 be mean with money 花钱吝啬 be mean to sb 对某人刻薄
vt. （meant，meant） 1) 打算,意欲 mean to do mean sb to do 打算让sb 做··
be meant to do/for
His mother meant him to be an engineer. The chairs are meant for guests. 这些椅子是给给客人的。
3) 意味着,意思是…
Money means nothing for him. What do you mean by that? 你说那个是什么意思?
mean (doing) sth 意味着··
meaning .n 意义，含义，重要性 meaningful adj有意义的， 意味深长的
meaningless adj . 没有意义的
18. meanwhile 1) adv. 同时=at the same time 2) n. in the meanwhile 同时
19. measure 1) vt. 测量; 有…长/宽 He has gone to be measured for a new suit.
The main bedroom measures 12m by 15m. The main bedroom measuring 12m by 15m is mine.
2) n. 尺寸;措施 make sth to one’s measure 量体裁衣; take measures to do…采取措施
ne n . 药物 ，医学 medical adj. 药物的，医学的
take/ have some medicine 服药 practice medicine 行医 have a medical examination
Good medicine is better in the mouth.良药苦口
Capsule n. 胶囊 tablet . n 药片
21. meet 1) n. 体育比赛 a sports meet
2)v. 相遇；连接；会面；迎接；满足
That’s where the river meets the sea. meet one’s needs/ demands满足某人的需要
meet with sb 与…相遇 make ends meet 收支相抵
22. memory n. 记忆力 have a good /bad memory; in memory of…作为对…的纪念
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回忆,记忆 bring back my childhood memories
memorize v. 记忆，记录
n v 提到 ---Thank you. ---Don’t mention it. not to mention …更不用说
24. ◎mercy n.怜悯，宽恕 throw oneself on one’s mercy 请求某人的宽恕
show mercy to sb/have mercy to sb 对某人怜悯
The boat is at the mercy of the wild waves. 在…掌握中；任…摆布
25. merely=only adv. 仅仅，只不过
26. ●mess .n 混乱杂乱 v 弄乱， 弄糟 messy adj 凌乱，杂乱，不整洁
1).The room was in a mess.
2).The kids made a mess in the kitchen.
3).There’s a mess of fish down there.= a lot of 4).You are messing my hair.(弄乱)
5).The divorce was painful and messy.(纠结不清)
27. ●message n.消息，口信，要旨，明白，理解
1). I left a message on your answering phone. (leave a message 留信息)
2).Jenny isn’t here at the moment. Can I take a message ? （ 传口信）
3).What’s the message of the film?
4).When he started looking at his watch, I got the message and left.
5).He can’t get his message across.（get across 通过 被人了解）
28. method n. 方法 with the method=in this way=by the means 用这种方法
29. mind v./n. make up one’s mind to do … 下定决心做；
change one’s mind 改变主意 Out of sight, out of mind. 眼不见，心不烦。
keep/bear…in mind=remember 记在心里
have…on one’s mind 担心，挂念 have… in mind
sth. come/spring to mind 突然想起 mind doing… 介意，烦恼…
Mind your steps！= watch=be careful of… 当心，注意
Mind your own business！ 别管闲事 Never mind. 没关系，无所谓=doesn’t matter
—Do you mind if I do…/Would you mind if I did…？ …你介意吗？
—Yes, but I do/you’d better not. No, of course not/not at all.
30. mirror n. 镜子 look into the mirror 照镜子
Dickens’s novels are a mirror of his times. 写照
V. 反映，反射
31. miss v./n. 错过, 想念
She threw a plate at him and only narrowly missed.
My mind wasn’t on what he was doing, so I’m afraid I missed half of it.
The hotel is the only white building on the road—you can’t miss it.
miss the point 不懂 miss doing/sth…= avoid sth. unpleasant 避开（坏事）
The gun fired but the bird missed being killed.
be missing/gone/lost adj. 找不见的，失踪的
33. mistake (mistook, mistaken) n./v. 错误，犯错
make a mistake犯错误； mistake A for B 误将A当成B
by mistake 错误地 I took my roommate’s umbrella by mistake .错拿了室友的雨伞
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be mistaken （about…） 错误的（常作表语） 比较：It is not my fault. 这不是我的错。
33. mix v./n. 混合 mixture n. 混合，混合物
mix up 弄错，弄乱 mixed feelings 混杂的感受 mixed doubles 混合双打
34. moment n. 时刻，片刻 One moment, please. 请稍候。
at the(very) moment=now/then 现在，那时（正） for the moment/present 目前，暂时
for a moment/a few moments 一会儿 the moment=as soon as=immediately=directly 一…就…
35. more，most more or less 或多或少，几乎 at (the) most 至多，不超过
what’s more=besides=in addition=moreover 此外还有，更为重要的是
36. ●mourn vt/vi 哀痛；哀悼 1). He was still mourning his brother’s death.
2).Today, we mourn for those who lost their lives in the two world wars.
37. must n. 必须的事 A knowledge of English is a must in international trade and meetings.
N
n. 名字，名气 v. 命名
She first made her name as a writer of children’s books. 以··出名 enjoy a good name 享有盛名
by name 用名字 by the name of=named… 名叫…的
in God’s/Heaven’s name=in the name of God/Heaven 究竟，到底，看在上帝的份上
in the name of… 为… ，再…名下 be named after ·· 以·· 取名
a boy named Tony 一个被称为Tony的男孩 a boy naming himself Tony 一个自称为Tony的男孩
name him (as) captain 任命
namely =that is… 即，也就是说…
/narrowly adj./adv. 狭窄的，勉强的, v. 缩小 a narrow victory 险胜
be beaten narrowly 差点儿，以毫厘之差 She has a very narrow view of the world. 狭隘的
She escaped injury narrowly. 险些 in the narrow/broad sense 狭义/广义上
3. native adj. 出生的，当地的 n. 当地人 my native language-mother tongue 母语
The tiger is native to India. 原产于 a native of London 当地人
/almost adv. 几乎，差不多 I have worked here for nearly 10 years.
almost everyone 几乎所有人 not nearly=much less than=not at all=far from 远非，绝不是
There isn’t nearly enough time to get there now.
5. necessary adj. 必要的，必须的 It is necessary for sb. to do…
If (it is) necessary, you can call on me. It is necessary that …(should)…
6. neck n. 颈，脖子 neck and neck （with…） 比赛中势均力敌，不分上下
a round-necked sweater 一件圆领毛衣
7. need v./n. 需要 They badly need a change.亟需
There is no need for sb. to do/have no need to do… 没有必要做…
There is no need for you to get up early tomorrow.
I have no need to open the letter.
in need of 需要 I am in need of some fresh air.
if need be=if necessary 如果有必要/需要
There is always food in the freezer if need be.
8. neither pron. 两者都不
They produced two reports, neither of which contained any useful suggestions.
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neither…nor… 既不…也不… either…or… 或…或…
9. noise n. 噪音 We had to shout above the noise of traffic. make noise 发出噪音 noisy adj.
voice n. 嗓音 in a low/high voice 高声地/低声的; She has a good voice.
sound n. 声音 Light travels much faster than sound.
adj. 正常的 n. 正常 normally adv.
It’s normal to feel tired after such a long trip.
normal temperature above /below normal
return to normal/get back to normal 恢复正常
common adj常见的，共同的
a common mistake常见错误；common sense常识；common practice 习惯做法 in common 共同点
ordinary adj普通的(average) ordinary-looking 相貌平平的
usual 通常的 as usual 和往常一样 than usual 比往常更
11. nose n. 鼻子 a running/runny nose 流鼻涕的鼻子
12. nothing pron. 没有什么 for nothing=for free 免费的 have nothing to do with 与…无关
nothing but=just 仅仅，只不过 I want nothing but the best for my children.
anything but 绝不 The hotel was anything but cheap.
There is nothing in what he said. 不可靠，不真实 There is nothing to it.=It’s very easy. 很容易
13. notice n. 注意，通知v. 注意到 take notice of=pay attention to 注意
Don’t take any notice of what you read in the papers.
come to my notice 让我看到 put up a notice 公告，通知
The bar is closed until further notice. 另行通知 notice sb/sth. do/doing/done 注意到sb/sth
14. now (that) =since 既然 Now that the guests left ,we’ve got a lot of extra space.
(every) now and then/again=from time to time 不时地 It is now or never. 机不可失
15. nowhere adv. 无处 go/get no where/get sb. nowhere 毫无进展
The discussion got nowhere this morning.
nowhere to be found/seen/in sight 不可能找到 My ticket is nowhere to be found.我的票找不到了
Nowhere in the world other than Britain can you experience four seasons in a single day.
O
1. object n. 物品，宾语 ，目标 v. 不同意
everyday objects 日常物品
object to n./doing… 反对；不同意
Many local people objected to building the new airport. objective adj. 客观的 objection n。反对
2. ◎ observe v.观察，监视，，遵守，庆祝 observer .n 观察者
observe sb do sth观察某人做某事； observe sb doing sth 观察某人在做某事
observe sth done 观察某事被做
observe Christmas Day/one’s birthday 庆祝…
observe the law 遵守…
2. ●obtain vt/vi 获得；得到；存在
1).obtain advice/information/permission
2).These customs no longer obtain.
4. ◎ occupy v.居住；占有，占用（时，空）；占领
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The house is occupied. …有人住 The bathroom is occupied. …有人用
The dinner occupied 2 hours. Many anxieties occupied his mind.
occupy oneself with sth/in doing sth忙于某事 be occupied in / with
5. ●occur vi (occurred, occurred) - happen发生
1).When exactly did the accident occur?
2). Sth occurred to/hit/struck sb. 出现在头脑中，被想到 The idea occurred to him in a dream.
3).It occurred to me that I had left my keys in the room. (it occur to sb that ``某人突然想到
It didn’t occur to her to ask for help.她没有想到寻求帮助（sth occur to sb sb突然想到··）
6. offer n./v. 主动提议 邀请
He offered 5000 dollars for the car. 出价
offer sb. sth./sth. to sb. 主动给 offer to do… 提出做
supply sb. with sth./supply sth. to sb. provide sb. with sth./provide sth. for sb.
Thanks for your kind offer of help.
He received an offer from his ideal university.
7. office n. 办公室，办公楼 officer n. 警官，军官
office building/block 办公大楼 hold office 占据要职
in office/out of office 任职/离职 The present government took office in 1997. 开始执政
8. official adj. 官方的，正式的 n. 高级官员 (inofficial 非正式的)
the official language 官方语言 an official affair 公务
9. once adv. 一次 conj. 一旦 all at once=suddenly 突然 at once 立即，同时
(just) for once/just this once 仅此一次
Once bitten, twice shy. 一朝被蛇咬，十年怕井绳。 once more=once again 再一次
once upon a time 从前，很久以前 (every) once in a while 偶尔，间或
10. one one by one 逐个的 one after another 一个接一个 one another 相互
11. oneself of oneself 自动地 for oneself 亲自 （all） by oneself 独自
talk to oneself=think aloud 自言自语 enjoy oneself 玩得开心
I am not myself today. 身体不舒服 Help yourself to some fish. 随便吃
12. only adv./adj 仅仅 I am an only child. 独生子
not only … but (also) … 不仅··而且 only to do… （意想不到的）结果...
13. ●opening a).孔，洞，缝隙 b).开放，展开 c).空缺的职位 d). 开始，开端
e).开幕式，落成典礼 1).There are several openings in the sales department .
2).The movie has an exciting opening .
3).Have you attended the opening of the Olympic Games ?
4).We could see the stars through an opening in the roof . 5).It’s nice to see the opening of a flower .
Opening hours/time(营业时间) his opening remarks (他的开场白)
14. operate v. 操作，手术 operate a computer 操作电脑 operating system （计算机）操作系统
operate on a patient 给病人手术 operating table 手术台
operation n. 操作，手术 in operation 工作中
The new rules will come into operation from next week. 开始工作，生效
put sth. into operation/practice 实施
15. ●oppose v 1).oppose sth 2).oppose doing sth
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3).be opposed to sth/doing sth She was/remained bitterly opposed to the idea of moving abroad.
4).200 attended, as opposed to 300 the previous year .(相对于)
16. opposite adj. adv. 相反的/地，相对的/地
have the opposite opinion 持相反的观点 the opposite of heavy heavy 的反义词
There is a shop opposite our school. 我们学校对面有个商店
17. ◎optimistic a.乐观的 take an optimistic view 抱有乐观的想法 be optimistic about…
Optimism n. 乐观 optimist n 乐观主义者 pessimism .n 悲观，悲观主义 pessimistic adj 悲观的
18. or conj. 或者 or=or else=otherwise 否则 or so 大约
Hurry or else we will be late. either…or…或…或…
whether…or/or not… 无论…还是（不）… Hurry, or you will be late.(-otherwise)
19. order n. 安排，顺序，菜单 v. 命令，订购，点菜 in/out of order 有序/有毛病
in order of time 按时间顺序 order to do/for sb. to do… 命令，指挥
order that…(should)… 命令 in order to do …/that… 为了
place an order for 订购 order a dish/a car点一到菜/定一辆车
May I take your order? 点菜
20. organise/organize v. 组织 organisation n. 组织
a well-organised trip 有组织的，有系统的
21. other/another/the other/others/the others
other than=except (for)=besides 除了
We’re going away in June but other than that I will be here all summer.
the other day/week 前几天，前几周 another day/time 改天，下次
22. otherwise=or (else)
Do it otherwise, please. = in another way 以另一种方式
or otherwise 或其他情况 We’ll get there by train or otherwise.
22. out adv. 外
out of luck 不走运 out of sight 看不见 one out of four 四分之一
Sth run out 用尽 sb run out of sth outdoor activities 户外运动 eat outdoors 野餐
24. over prep. adv. take over 接管 get over 克服 (all ) over again 重新
over and again 反复地 over=more than 超过 over dinner/a coffee 在…期间
25. ◎ overcome （overcame, overcome ） v.战胜，克服
overcome the enemy 战胜敌人
overcome financial problems/a bad habit
be overcome with (anger/sorrow) 极其/非常（生气/悲伤）
26. ●overlook v不注意，没注意到，俯瞰，监督指导
1).He seems to have overlooked one important fact .
2).This is a restaurant ________the lake.
3).She has been overlooked for promotion several times.
27. ●owe v 1).owe sb sth =owe sth to sb 我认为你还欠我一个解释/道歉/答复。
2).他把自己的成功归功于努力的结果。_________________________________________.
3).owe it to sb that
我的成功归功于你的帮助。_______________________________________________.
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4).owing to =because of
28. own adj. 自己的 v. 拥有 owner n. ownership n.
a car of my own/my own car 我自己的车
He did it on his own 独立地，单独地 I don’t own anything of any value.
P
1. ◎ pack n.包，捆；（猎犬、野兽等的）一群
a pack of cigarettes/clothes a pack of thieves
v. （为运输或储存而）打包
pack sth away 收拾起来放好 pack sth (up) 将…包/捆起来
pack sth/sb into sth 使…挤进… The room was packed with people.
They packed into a tiny car.
2. pain n. 疼痛 pains n. 苦功，大力气 His neck is in pain. 、He has a bad pain in his left foot.
pleasures and pains 苦与乐 No pains, no gains. 不劳不获。
3. pale adj 苍白的 go pale.
4. ●panic 惊慌 n/v （ panicked，panicked panicking）
1).There’s no panic.
2).They were in a state of panic. （处于···状态）
3).There’s no point getting into panic about the exams .（陷入恐慌）
V. 让··惊慌4).I panicked when I saw smoke coming out of my house.
5).The gunfire panicked my horse .
5. paper n (u) /(c) 纸；报纸；论文；试卷 a sheet /piece of paper 一张纸 go through the papers复习试卷
6. park n (c) 公园 vt. 停放（车辆 飞机等） 1) Can we park the car here? 2) a parking lot 停车场
7. part n 部分；成分；角色；零件 adj. 部分的
play/act a part in 在··中起作用 a part-time teacher 兼职教师
vt/vi 分开；分离
1) He tried to part the two men who were fighting. (vt.) 2) They two parted at the gate.
8. ●participate v参加，参与 participant 参与者 participation .n. 参与
She didn’t participate in the discussion.
9. ●particular adj 特殊的 particularly adv
be particular about 对…..挑剔 in particular = particularly 特别 尤其
He stressed the point in particular. 1). We must pay particular attention to the point .
2).She is very particular ______her clothes .(对….挑剔)
3).He loves science fiction ______particular .(尤其)
4).The nurse asked me for my particulars .(个人资料)
10. ●partly adv 部分地， 在一定程度上
1).The road is partly finished.
2).I didn’t enjoy the trip very much , partly because of the weather.
3).He was only partly responsible for the accident.
11. pass vt. 传递 经过 通过 pass away 去世 pass by 经过 路过
12. past adj 过去的； 前任的 a past president (前任总统)
n. 过去 in the past adv. 经过 run/ walk past
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prep. 过 He is past sixty
13. ◎patience n.容忍；耐心 have (no) patience with sb （不）能宽恕
lose one’s patience with sb; be out of patience with sb 对某人失去耐心
14. patient n.病人 adj.耐心的 be patient with 对··有耐心
15. pay (paid, paid) v. 支付 n. 工资 1）pay (sb) … for sth 为··付··（钱） 2) pay off 还清
3) pay back 归还 4) pay a visit to 参观 ，拜访
5) get paid 得到报酬 The workers get paid by the month.
16. people n. (c) 人们；民族；人民 1）people of all walks of life 各界人士
2) The Chinese are a hard –working people.
3) He lived for the people and died for the people.
17. percent n. 百分之….. 70 percent of the students are… 50 percent of the water is seriously polluted.
18. ●perform v. 表演，履行，行动，运作
1).She performs an important role in our organization. 她在我们组织里起了重要作用
2).This operation has never been performed in this country.这手术从未在这城市中实施过。
3).A computer can perform many tasks at once .
4).The play was first performed in 1987.
5).The company has been performing poorly over the past year .
performer n 表演者 performance .n表演
19. ◎permission n.允许，许可，同意 ask/request/apply for permission 申请许可
get/obtain/receive permission 获得批准 with/without one’s permission （未）经某人许可
20. permit (permitted, permitting) vt. 许可，允许 n. 许可证
permit sth/doing sth 允许做·· permit sb to do允许sb 去做··
1).Cell phones are not ______in our school. 2).We don’t permit _______(smoke) in the office.
3).I’ll come tomorrow, if weather _______. I’ll come tomorrow, weather _________.
4).She took my bike without ___________. 5). Do you have a parking ___________?(执照)
21. ◎ personal a. (belonging or relating to one particular person, rather than to other people)
one's personal view/opinion 个人观点personal possessions/property/belongings 私人物品/财产/所有物
for personal use供个人使用 take a personal interest in sth私下对某物感兴趣
personal experience亲身经历
22. ◎ persuade v.说服，劝说 persuade sb to sth=persuade sb into doing sth
persuade sb not to do sth=persuade sb out of doing
使相信 I persuaded him of the truth.=I persuaded him that it was true.
I am persuaded of his innocence.=I am persuaded that he is innocent.
23. ◎ physical a.身体的，物理的 physical education 体育 physical training 身体训练
a physical examination 体检 physical labor 体力劳动
the physical world 物质世界 a physical change 物理变化
23. pick v. 采集，挑选 pick apples摘苹果
短语：pick on sb. 找某人的茬儿 pick out 选出，辨认出
pick up
1) She soon picked up some French while she was staying in Paris.偶然学会
2) My radio can pick up VOA very clearly.收听
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3) He picked up many bad habits while in prison.学到
4) At the next corner, the bus stopped and picked up three more people.接
5) Her health soon picked up after a few days’ rest. 恢复健康
25. ●pin （ pinned ， pinning ）
v.用别针别 n.(c) 别针
1).a diamond pin 一枚钻石胸针 2).A message had been pinned to the notice board.
a note pinned to the door
26. pity n. 怜悯，同情；可惜 1）have /take pity on 同情·· 2) What a pity! 真遗憾 3) out of pity
V 同情，怜悯 （pities，pitied， pitied）
27. plan (planned, planning) vt. /n 计划 1) plan to do sth 2) plan for the future 3) make a plan for
28. please v. 请；使 高兴；喜欢 愿意
pleased adj. 高兴的 满意的 pleasant adj. 令人愉快的
pleasure n. 高兴 愉快
1) The performance ________ the audience. 2) Come and stay as long as you ________.
3) We are ________ with his work. 4) There was a _______ look on his face.
5) a pleasant surprise
29. point n, 点；分数；要点；特征；意义 1) the boiling /freezing point
2) He reached a point in his career _____ she needed to decide what to do.
3) That’s the point _____ I want to make. 4) one’s stront points and weak points
5) There is no point (in) doing sth. 这样做毫无意义。
v. 指，指向 point to /at /out
※ off the point 离题 to the point 切题
30. poor (poorer, poorest) adj 贫穷的；贫瘠的；可怜的；差的
1) be poor /rich in natural resources 自然资源贫乏/ 自然资源丰富 2) a poor fellow 可怜的伙伴
3) a poor memory 记性不好 4) be poor in health 身体不健康
31. popular adj. 流行的；受欢迎的；大众的；通俗的
The book is popular with children.受某人欢迎
They sell the computers at popular prices Popular songs/science
32. population n. 人口；数量 have a large /small population 人口多、少
The population of the city is increasing. Seventy percent of the population are workers.
have a population of 数字… 有……人口
34. ●possess vt拥有 ，占有 possession n
1).He was charged with possessing a shotgun without a license.（他因无证持有枪支被起诉）
2).I’m afraid he doesn’t possess a sense of humor . 3).A terrible fear possessed her.
4).The gang was caught in _____of stolen goods.
5).On his father’s death, she came into possession of a vast fortune.
take possession of Tom is in possession of the house.= The house is in the possession of Tom
in charge of 负责 in the charge of 由··负责
personal possessions 个人财产
34. ◎possibility 。n. There is no possibility that she will make a full recovery.她不可能完全康复。
He refused to rule out the possibility of a tax increase.
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