最全的字母及字母组合对应音标发音

2024年2月6日发(作者：)

最全的音标对应字母、字母组合发音（元音）

ee

ea

e

ie

ey

i

eo

i

y

e

ir

ur

ear

ur

or

er

or

ou

ar

o

a

e

u

ar

a

u

o

ou

oo

al

or

au

our

ar

aw

o

a

oo

o

three tree green sheep meet beef see seek

eat tea meat leave lead teacher team mean speak clean please

he she me

piece receive ceiling

key

ski kilo litre pizza police machine magazine

people

sit picture it is list six mix fix fit pig big build miss

myth many twenty happy dictionary

defect decide delicious

girl shirt skirt thirty thirteen third bird

turn burn murder nurse turtle Thursday burger

learn earn earth heard

term her nerd serve

work worm word world

teacher leader remember player speaker farmer powder

doctor actor mayor author tractor

delicious gracious pleasure

familiar collar dollar

together tomorrow today lesson control polite around account ago

elephant manta banana Canada Japan china

men listen

famulus Saturday

car farm card arm garden

fast class last glass plant aunt calm

up supper lunch fun gun hunt cup bus

come mother does brother love above

trouble rough flourish

blood flood

small wall talk tall hall ball call walk

short more lord horse for forty sport door floor store

author caught autumn

four mourn court bought

warm quarrel quarter

draw saw flaw

hot lost lot fox box mop hop loss collar not

want wash

food moon room gloom broom doom goose tooth

shoe do two

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[i:]

[i]

[ə:]

[ə]

[a:]

[ʌ]

[ɔ:]

[ɒ]/[ɔ]

[u:]

[u]

[æ ]

[e]

[ei]

[ai]

[au]

[əu]

[ɔɪ]

[iə]

[eə]

[uə]

u

oo

ou

u

o

a

ea

e

a

a

ay

ea

ai

ey

i

y

ou

ow

o

ow

oa

oy

oi

eer

ea

ear

ear

er

ier

ear

air

are

ere

our

oor

true truth blue full

look good foot book

should could

put full bull pull push

women whose

bag hand ant happy hat map mad bad black back glad flag shall man

head bread pleasure

elephant electric remember sell shell lesson better bed desk hotel yes

many any

name cake late gate plane April

play say may way

great break

rain paint plain

they grey

bike fine find die nine light night high

my try fly eye

house out flour ground account count sound loud around mouse

flower down now cow how town

home cold go no phone host ghost

know low below grow blow show flow

boat coat goal

boy toy joy

oil soil voice choice

beer deer

idea

ear

near

here

fierce

bear

pair chair air fair

care

there where

tour

poor

易混淆元音

易混淆元音1

易混淆元音2

易混淆元音[æ]

[e]

[i:]

[ei]

[e]

bad hand man land pan sad

bed head men lend pen said

real greet mean read

rail great main raid

bet red said head

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3

易混淆元音4

易混淆元音5

[ai]

[au]

[ɔ:]

[au]

[ʌ]

bite write side hide

house loud south cloud now count

horse lord sauce clause nor corn

found down gown town

fond done gone ton

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最全的音标对应字母、字母组合发音（辅音）

[p]

[b]

[t]

[d]

p

b

t

d

k

c

[k] x

pen pear play pig pour pull push

book big boot bike bread break

tree two ten ton town twenty city

door dull desk dose do dog dictionary

king kite key look cook book kitchen sky

card cat cream correct climb come account accept

fox box oxygen x-ray

ch school schedule schema

ck chicken duck black blackboard backward sick

[g]

[m]

[n]

g girl good goal goat grade long language

m man make moon morning move come comb

n pen ten nine fine night noon moon clean

kn know knock knight

n uncle bank English think thank junk

[ŋ]

in sing king morning evening

l

l

r

f

long land lend lord fly flag black（读音不同）

world cold could goal soul（读音不同）

read red right run room write

five fly fine flag frog fog roof knife life wife

[l]

[r]

[f] gh cough laugh rough physic photo phone

ph physics photo

[v] v

s

very evening even every voice vest

six sit student same seat kiss miss case scarf

license city cease cedar ceiling celebrate [s] c

ce licence piece juice science lance space ace

[z]

[θ]

z

s

zoo zebra zero zap

close nose hose suppose pause those whose

th think thank three thirty tooth mouth

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[ð] th that this those these though

sh sheep shoulder ship shoe she brush wash

[ʃ]

t

c

s

nation attention station

social special

sure

pleasure

hot hop home house horse how who

when what where window wind wood

yes year yell you your yolk yellow

[ʒ]

[h]

[w]

[j]

[tʃ]

s

h

w

y

ch child chicken china chair lunch ouch catch teach

tch catch watch match

g age language cabbage vegetable stage bridge

joy enjoy join July June junk

[dʒ]

j

dge bridge knowledge

ge age cage gorge

[tr]

[dr]

[ts]

[dz]

tr tree country try treat track trunk

dr dry dream drop drive drink

ts students boots boats goats nuts

ds goods woods moods hoods

易混淆辅音

[v] vest vet vine very

易混淆辅音1

[w] west wet wine well

[s] sink mass miss sort

易混淆辅音2

[θ] think math myth sought

[z] close breeze

易混淆辅音3

[ð] cloth breathe

[n] thin sin ran ban win

易混淆辅音4

[ŋ] thing sing rang bang wing

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最全的字母及字母组合对应音标发音

[ei]

[æ]

[ə]

[i]

[a:]

[ɔ:]

[ei]

[e]

[eə]

late private grade bake grape nation station page

active hand bank fan parent family glad flag

accept about above formative machine cinema

private cabbage manage village

fast last glass class past father

wash what watch want

tail rainy train wait waiter waitress

said says

air hair chair stairs

在开音节中发/eɪ/

a在闭音节中发/æ/

在非重读音节中发/ə/

在非重读音节中发/ɪ/

字母组合as或ass

a在w后面

在个别重读音节词中

在重读音节中

组合air在重读音节中发/eə/

ay组合,在重读音节中发/eɪ/ ；词尾为长音[ei]时, 常用ay在词尾而不是a. (bay,

day, decay)

a

ai

air

ay [ei] day today play may May say way stay

ay [i]

[ɔ:]

Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday

ay 在非重读音节中发/i/

Sunday

talk walk chalk

half calm balm palm calf

字母组合al 在重读音节中发/ɔ:/或/ɔ:l/

字母组合al在f 、m前在重读音节中发/ɑ:/

字母组合all

字母组合as或ass

字母组合au在重读音节中 发/ɔ:/

字母组合aw在重读音节中 发/ɔ:/

a在w后面

字母组合ar在重读音节中发/ɑ:/

字母组合ar在非重读音节中发/ə/

在字母w, qu之后读/ɔ׃/

辅音字母b在单词中一般发[b]音

b出现在m之后不发音

字母c在字母e, y, i前读做/s/ (cent, city, cycle), 其他字母前读做/k/(cut, cap,

cop)。

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al

[a:]

all

as或ass

au

aw

a在w后面

[ɔ:l] all ball small tall wall mall call fall

[ a:s ] ask class glass pass grass last

[ɔ:]

[ɔ:]

[ɔ]

[a:]

autumn daughter

strawberry draw

wash what watch want

car farm dark arm art star

sugar popular dollar grammar

warm quarrel quarter

bike bus bag baby bubble

bomb lamb climb

country camp camera courage cable

city ceiling celebrate cell cease

ar

[ə]

[ɔ:]

[b]

b

不发音

[k]

[s]

c

ch

[tʃ]

[k]

[ʃ]

[d3]

[ k ]

[d]

[dз]

Church chair China Chinese chain

school Christmas headache

machine chef

Greenwich sandwich

chicken duck black blackboard backward sick

doctor bread hand day cloud

bridge knowledge

一般情况发 [tʃ]

有时候会发[k]

特殊情况

特殊情况

音素ck只用在单元音后, 而且这个元音发短音(back,

neck, lick, rock, duck)

一般情况发[d]

音素dge只用在单元音后面,而且这个元音发短音(badge,

edge, lodge, budge)

ck

d

dge

dr [dr]

[i:]

[e]

[i]

[ə]

drink dress drive driver draw dresser dream

一般情况发[dr]

hundred

appreciate extremely secret she me he

letter left message generate pebble

pretty previous result restore

problem prosperous student confident

bake cake face time

love give blue true

元音a, e, o, u在音节结尾(开音节)一般读做字母音

e在闭音节中发[e]

字母e在非重读音节中发[ə]或[i]

字母e在非重读音节中发[ə]或[i]

使他前面的元音字母发字母音

使不要以一个v和一个u结束一个单词

使g和c读软音/j/和/s/

避免一个音节没有一个元音字母

无工作尾字母e

ea字母组合在开音节中发[i:]

ea在闭音节结构中发/i:/也比较常见

e

不发音

chance bodice charge allege

little castle bottle dabble fiddle decide

are nurse raise bye ewe owe cause

cease season breathe feature meat please

[i:]

ea

[e]

[ei]

[iə]

[eə]

[ə:]

[iə]

[a:]

[i:]

[ə:]

[ə]

[iə]

read meat teach beach team leaf easy eat

ear

ee

er

ea字母组合在闭音节中发[e]

bread breast breath meadow weather

特殊情况

great break

特殊情况

idea realize

一般情况发[eə]

bear pear

在非词尾读/ə:/

learn earth earn heard

在非词尾读/ə:/

hear near clear ear fear

特殊情况

heart

bee three tree see need feel green sleep feet

一般情况发[i:]

meet

通常读长音/ə:/

deserve serve her person

在非重读音节里读短元音/ə/

teacher driver anger singer

特殊情况

serious experience mysterious fierce

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ere

ey

f

g

[iə]

[εə]

[eɪ]

[i:]

[i]

[f]

[g]

[dʒ]

[ŋ]

here mere fere sere

there where

they hey obey

key

monkey money

father fun after find fly fine office leaf

girl grade glass glade bag flag

orange village vegetable bridge gentleman gym

long song sing morning evening

在重读音节中

在个别重读音节词中

在非重读音节中

一般情况发[f]

辅音字母g在单词中一般发[g]音

在e 、i/y前 [dʒ]

字母e，i，y之前的字母g可以读做/dз/(page, giant,

gym), 其中字母e, i之前的gge [dз] age cage gorge

也可以不读做/dз/(get,

girl, give); 其它字母之前的g读做/g/(gate, go,

gust)。

bright fight frighten high light might night right sight slight

eight eighth neighbor straight weigh weight

gh在元音字母i后不发音

gh在元音字母组合ei和ai后不发音

gh在字母组合ought中不发音

字母组合augh前面不是1时，gh不发音

词尾为ough的词，如以上所述，有的发/f/，但有时也不发音

gh在词首时，读作/g/

词首为字母l，且后跟字母组合augh时，gh读作/f/

词尾为字母组合ough时，gh读作/f/

位于元音字母之前，h发/h/

位于词尾，其前为元音

位于两个元音之间

位于字母r、k之后

位于部分元音之前

位于字母组合ex之后

元音i和o后面有两个辅音时,常发长音. (find, old)

字母i和y经常读做/i/(big,

gym), 但是也可读做/aɪ/(silent, my, type)；一个英语单词用字母y而不是i的结不发音

gh

[g]

bought rought fought thought

caught daughter naught naughty taught

although plough through though thorough

ghost spaghetti

laugh laughter

[f]

cough enough rough tough

[h] hot house head hat hand hear

Sarah Messiah

vehicle vehement

rhyme rhythm khaki

heir honest honour

exhibit exhaust exhort

high price library ice cream wife size line

h

不发音

[ai]

i

[i] fist pick chicken piano fiancé city unit

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尾(my, by)

[ə]

[e]

holiday beautiful family animal

friend

field, piece, thief（贼）

quiet

lie die tie

元音字母i在非重读音节中读[ə]

i不发音

在重读音节中

在个别单词中

在词尾

字母组合ir在重读音节中发/ɜ:/

词尾为mn组合时

一般情况发[n]

n在ge前时，因为g不发/g/而发/d3/，所以n发/n/而不发/ŋ/

n属于前缀时，即使在/k//g/前也不发/ŋ/，而发/n/

位于词尾的n在m后面时不发音

在音素/k//g/前面发/ŋ/。但前缀例外

与g组合在词尾时发/ŋ/

元音a, e, o, u在音节结尾(开音节)一般读做字母音

在某些重读开音节中

在m、n、v、th前发[ʌ]

字母o在非重读音节中发[ə]

O在闭音节中发[ɔ]

重读音节词尾的字母组合oo（单词最后是辅音+oo结尾）

在辅音字母f、l、m、n、s、p、z前字母组合oo的重读音节发/u:/

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ie

[i:]

[ai]

[ɜ:]

[ai]

[ai]

[dʒ]

[k]

[n]

[l]

[l]

[m]

[m]

ir

igh

shirt girl skirt

admire desire fire

light right flight tight

jeep jar joke join June

kind bike skate make take week

know knowledge knife knit knee kneel knight knack

listen learn language collect English gorilla（读音不同）

world cold soil tall sell cool animal（读音不同）

monkey come tomato tomorrow morning maid madam

autumn column

sand ant conneet ineident unknown

change orange arrange anger dangerous

j

k

kn

l

m

-mn

[n]

n

不发音

[ŋ]

unkind uneommon unclean unclear uncover income

autumn column

think thank English language ankle uncle anxious conquer

long strong song sing bring ring

[əu] lode host cold note okay old home

lose do who whose prove

love some other mother honey company

today tomorrow together control collect

lost hot mock office soft honest

road boat coat goat soap

too zoo bamboo cuckoo kangaroo shampoo

o

oa

[u:]

[ʌ]

[ə]

[ɔ]

[əu ]

oo [u:]

room tool cool moon noon goof 但wool例外

boot tooth boot root shoot smooth soothe loot

但foot football soot 例外。

afternoon cartoon balloon moonlight noodle schoolboy

good foot stood wood wool cook wood book food

[ʊ]

bedroom bathroom classroom workroom childhood

[ʌ]

[ɔ:]

[ə:]

[ə]

oor

blood flood

short form corn born for

work world worm word worst

tractor doctor actor sector senior senator

字母组合oo在字母t前的发/u:/的音

在复合词(双音节或多音节词)的重读音节中发/u:/

字母组合oo在字母d和k前发音素/ʊ/的音

在复合词(双音节或多音节词)的非重读音节中发/ʊ/

在字母l和d之间的字母组合oo发音素/ʌ/的音

or在词中一般念 [ɔ:]

重读音节，在w后

非重读音节或在词尾一般念[ə]

一般情况发[ɔ:]

个别词中发[uə]

大多数情况下

跟l连接时发[əʊ]

一般情况发[p]

p在n,s,t之前时不发音

字母q总是与u在一起，读做/kw/, 此处u不作元音。

在词首和词中时，字母r常读作摩擦辅音/r/

当字母r位于词尾，其后的单词以元音字母开头，字母r与 or

our

ou

ow

oy

[ɔ:] door floor

[uə] moor poor boor

[auə]

our hour sour flour

[uə]

tour flour bourn lour

[ɔ:] pour court four mourn

[ə] honour neighbour

[ɜ:]

journey courteous

[au] house mouth mouse sound found

[ʌ] enough trouble touch double

[ə] delicious gracious prosperous

[əʊ] soul shoulder

[u:] wound soup route group youth

[ʊ] should could would

[ɔ:] thought bought brought

[ɒ] cough

[əu]

window meadow know show low

[au] now town how down cow

[ɔɪ] boy toy

[p] paper plane pig ship pen pencil pack pick

p

ph

不发音

[ f ]

[k]

[kw]

pneumonia psychology receipt

elephant telephone photo

Iraq cheque

queue quest require

red ruler rub rob robbery right read ride marry sorry

q

qu

r

[r]

for ever far away her eyes for example

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该元音字母连读，读作摩擦音/r/

重读音节中，字母r常与前面不发音

(美音)

[s]

[z]

[sk]

[s]

[z]

[s]

相邻的元音字母构成组合，读mark arm her per sir girl or lord burn turn

作元音。如：ar发[ɑ:]；er发[ɜ:]；ir发[ɜ:]；or发[ɔ:]；ur发[ɜ:]

card board door floor form north

sit seat sell sold sleep slow skate desk

music husband

Scotland scarlet

scene science

nose suppose gose lose pose rose

mouse house

在音节开头或清辅音前 /s/

在元音字母间或浊辅音前/z/

音素sh用在一个基本词的开头或是结尾(she, dish), 还用在一个音节的结尾s

sc

se

sh [ʃ] shit sheep shop cash rubbish wash

(finish), 但绝对不会在后一个音节的开头, 除非是以ship结尾(worship,

friendship)

sion

t

tch

[ʃə

n]

[ʒ ə

n]

[t]

[ʃ]

[tʃ]

[θ]

[ð]

propulsion tension progression passion

protrusion provision conclusion television

ten letter meet toe

在辅音之后，读作 [ʃə n]

在元音之后，读 [ʒ ə n]

一般情况发[t]

在弱读字母ia ie io前[ʃ]

一般情况发[θ]

th在冠词、代词、介词、连词中[ð]

th 在词尾-the、-ther中：[ð]

一般情况发 [ʃə n]

元音a, e, o, u在音节结尾(开音节)一般读做字母音

在重读开音节中，在字母l、r、j之后读做[U:]

在重读闭音节中一般读做[u]patient nation

catch match

thank think thought cloth

the these with than there

father mother weather brother clothe

tree truck try street straight ostrich

picture future

th

tr

ture

tion

[tr]

[tʃə]

[ʃə

station nation translation attention

n]

[tʃə n] question(不常见)

[ju] university refuse unique universe huge

blue rule June

put push pull full bull

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u

[u:]

[u]

ue

ur

v

w

[ʌ]

[ə]

[i]

[u:]

[e]

[ju:]

[ɜ:]

[v]

[w]

but brush bucket duck bubble

support suggest

minute

blue flue clue

guess

cue due

nurse turn hurt fur

voice love leave very vain vein

week win wake sweet wait watch water wife wash

answer two

what where when why which white wheel

who whom whose whole

write wrong wrist

box fox mix six sixteen taxi

text except excite excuse next oxygen

或[ʌ]

在非重读音节中一般读做[ə]

特殊情况

e不发音

u不发音

在单词开头发[w]

Wh在大多数情况下发[w],字母h不发音

Wh后接o时，字母w不发音，字母h发/h/音

Wr-发[r]

x位于词尾或音节尾部，读/ks/

x后跟辅音字母，读/ks/

X在重读元音前(位于两个元音字母之间)/gz/

特殊情况

特殊情况

Y字母在单词最前面读发[j]

Y字母在单词尾，重读音节读/aɪ/

Y字母在单词尾，非重读音节读/ɪ/

弱读念/ɪ/

一般情况发[z]

外来词

不发音

[w]

wh

[h]

wr

[r]

[ks]

x

[gz]

[kʃ]

[z]

[j]

[aɪ]

example exis exact examine exactly 但是exercise例外

anxious

xylophone

yes yard yellow young you yesterday yolk

fly by cry

family slowly

volleyball

puzzle zero zoo zebra

azure

pizza

zhoosh

y

[ɪ]

[z]

[ʒ]

[ts]

[ʒ]

z

zh

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