小学英语必背100个基础知识(完整版)

2024年2月6日发(作者：)

一、一个星期七天

Sunday Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday

二、一年十二个月

January February March April May JuneJuly

August September October November December

三、一年四季

1. spring 2. summer 3. autumn 4. winter

四、容易拼写错的数字

1. eighth第八 2. ninth第九 3. forty四十 4. twelfth第十二 5. twentieth第二十

五、亲属称呼

1. daughter (女儿) 2. niece (女性晚辈) 3. nephew (男性晚辈) 4. cousin (同辈兄弟姐妹) 5. aunt (女性长辈) 6. uncle (男性长辈)

六、以下动词加-ed或-ing要双写最后一个字母

1. regret (regretted, regretting) 后悔 2. control (controlled, controlling) 控制3.

admit (admitted, admitting) 承认 4. occur (occurred, occurring) 出现

5. prefer (preferred, preferring) 宁愿 6. refer (referred, referring) 提到7. forget

(forgetting ) 忘记 8. permit (permitted, permitting)允许9. equip (equipped,

equipping) 装备

注意：quarrel, signal, travel中的l可双写（英国英语）也可不双写（美国英语）

七、部分过去式和过去分词不规则变化的动词

1. broadcast (broadcast, broadcast) 广播 2. flee (fled, fled) 逃跑3. forbid

(forbade, forbidden) 禁止 4. forgive (forgave, forgiven) 原谅5. freeze (froze,

frozen) 结冰 6. hang (作“绞死”讲，是规则的；作“悬挂”讲，其过去式过去分词都是hung)7. lie –lied –lied 说谎; lie—lay---lain躺下 lay-laid- laid 放置 8. seek

(sought, sought) 寻求9. shake (shook, shaken) 发抖 10. sing (sang, sung) 唱歌11. sink (sank, sunk/sunken) 下沉 12. spread (spread, spread) 传播13. swim

(swam, swum) 游泳 14. tear (tore, torn) 撕碎16. wear( wore; worn) 穿/戴 17.

hold (held, held ) 18. make (made, made) 19. keep (kept, kept)

八、意思相近的词

1. check （核对）/ examine(检查)/ test（测试） 2. receive（收到） / accept（接受）3. destroy （毁坏；毁灭）/ damage（破坏） 4. celebrate(庆祝)/ congratulate（祝贺）5. wear sth / dress sb 穿衣

九、注意形容词变名词时的拼写变化

1. long—length 长度 2. wide—width 宽度 3. high—height 高度 4. strong—strength力量

以-ic结尾的动词，应先把-ic变为-ick，再加ing或edpicnic (picnicked, picnicking)

野餐

十、个别名词的复数拼写

1. German (Germans) 德国人 2. gulf (gulfs) 海湾3. handkerchief (handkerchiefs)

手帕roof (roofs) 房顶4. hero (英雄)，potato (土豆)，tomato (西红柿) 等有生命的以-o结尾的名词变复数时要加-es。

十一、注意动词变名词时的拼写变化

1. succeed—success成功 2. pronounce—pronunciation 发音 3 . explain—explanation解释4. decide—decision 决定 5. enter—entrance进入 6. permit—

permission 允许7. consider—consideration 考虑 8. expect—expectation 期待 9.

discover—discovery 发现10. bury—burial 埋葬 11. conclude—conclusion 得出结论 12. arrive—arrival 到达13. weigh—weight 重量 14. describe—description

描述 15. lose—loss 损失16. anxious---anxiety 焦虑

十二、注意形容词变副词时的拼写变化

1. beautiful美丽的—beautifully 2. possible可能的—possibly3. practical实际的—practically 4. particular特别的—particularly5. successful成功的—successfully

其它必背单词

1. abroad 国外2. absence n. 缺席 (absent adj.)3. accept 接受)4. accident事故

(accidental adj. 偶然的，accidentally adv. 偶然地)5. achievement成就 (achieve v.

获得)

6. address地址7. admire钦佩8. admit承认 （admitted)9. agreement 协议lture农业 (agricultural adj. 农业的) industry 工业（industrial工业的）

11. altogether总共12. ancient 古代的13. announce宣告、通知 announcement

( n. 口头通知)14. anxiety 忧虑 (anxious adj. 焦急的，anxiously adv. 焦急地)15.

apologize v. 道歉 (apology n. 道歉)

16. appear 出现（appearance 外貌 n.）disappear消失/不见17. appreciate感激/欣赏 (感激人用thank sb；谢谢某人做的事用appreciate sth.)18. Asian(亚洲的)19.

assistant 助手20. astonish吃惊 (astonishment n. 吃惊，astonishing令吃惊的，astonished吃惊的)

21. astronaut 宇航员22. atmosphere气氛23. attempt尝试 (n / v) attempt to do

sth24. attentively 专心地25. attention 专心 pay attention to doing sth

26. attitude 态度27. attract 吸引 (attraction吸引力)28. average平均 / 平均的 29. on average 平均30. balance平衡 keep the balance of nature保持生态平衡

31. beauty 美 (beautiful, beautifully ) beautify美化32. believe相信 (belief n. 信念，其复数是beliefs)33. beyond超过34. biology生物35. birthday生日

36. bravery 勇敢 brave勇敢的 bravely勇敢地宽阔的38. broadcast广播(broadcast broadcast;)39. care 关心 careful 小心的 carefully小心地40. ceiling天花板

41. cinema电影院42. celebrate庆祝43. celebration 庆祝n.44. century 世纪45.

challenge 挑战

46. character 性格47. charge收费 be charge of 48. comfort v. & n. 安慰

comfortable 舒适的adj. comfortably adv.舒适地49. take charge of 管理„50.

comment 评论

51. communicate （vt） communication (n) 交流52. competition 竞赛 (compete

v. 竞赛competitor 竞赛者)53. composition 作文54. concert 音乐会55. conclude

v. conclusion n. 结论

56. condition情况 (conditions条件)57. concern 关心 (vt)58. congratulations 祝贺 (congratulate v.)59. constant 不断的 constantly 不断地60. construction(建设)

61. continue继续62. contribution 贡献 (contribute v.) make contributions to 对„做出贡献63. convenient (adj.) 方便的 conveniently方便地64. conversation 谈话65. coughing咳嗽

66. cousin表兄弟67. cruel的 (adj. cruelly 残酷地adv.)68. curious 好奇的

(curiosity n. 好奇)69. culture（cultural文化的adj.）70. customer 顾客

71. whether是否72. custom习俗73. destroy毁灭 (其过去式是destroyed)74.

declare宣称75. delicious 美味

76. damage损坏77. determined 有决心的 be determined to do sth 决心做某事78. develop发展 (development n. developing 发展中的，developed发达的)79.

dialogue 对话80. diary 日记 (dairy 奶制品)

81. difference 不同点 (复数differences) different不同的 differently 不同地differ

from be different from make differences82. disappointed失望的 (disappointing

让人失望的)83. disappointment 失望84. discovery 发现 (复数discoveries，动词discover，发现者discoverer)85. disturb打扰

86. dollar美元 (其复数是dollars) 87. downstairs楼下 upstairs楼上88. dream梦想 (其过去式是dreamed或dreamt)89. electricity电 (electrical电的，electric 电的)90. employ 雇用 (employment n. employer 雇主， employee雇员)

91. empty倒空 (可用动词，其过去式是emptied)92. encourage鼓励 (encouraging,

encouraged, encouragement n.) encourage sb to do sth 鼓励某人做某事93.

energy能量94. envelope 信封95. envy n. 妒忌

96. equal(平等的) equality平等97. equipment设备98. especially 尤其是99.

essential(重要的)100. European 欧洲人

101. event事件107. expert 专家102. excellent极好 (excellence n. excellently

adv.)104. exhibition展览105. expense 耗费 expensive 昂贵的

106. experience 经验/经历 (experienced 有经验的) an unusual experience一次不同寻常的经历 have much experience经验丰富107. express (vt) 表达

expression (n)108. impress 印象 impression (n.)109. fail v.失败 failure n.失败

fail to do sth 没做成某事110. familiar(熟悉的) be familiar to /with

111. worship崇拜112. favorite 最喜爱的 flexible 灵活的113. figure人物/数字114.

finger手指115. flight飞行

116. forehead前额117. foreign(外国的)118. fortunate幸运的 fortunately幸运地

unfortunately不幸运地119. forward向前120. freezing 极冷的 (frozen 冷冻的)

121. frequently 经常地122. furniture 家具 远的 further进一步的124.

generally 大概 generally speaking 一般来说125. geography地理

126. Germany德国127. government政府128. gradual 逐渐的 gradually逐渐地129. graduation毕业 (graduate from毕业于 )130. grammar语法

131. habit习惯 form a habit of 养成„习惯132. handkerchief 手绢)133. honest诚实的honesty 诚实134. honor/honour 荣誉135. imagination 想象力 (imagine

v.)

136. immediate (立即的) immediately马上(adv)137. take measures 采取措施138.

form a habit of 养成„习惯139. incident小事件140. including包括 (include v.)

141．independent 独立的142. industry工业 (industrial adj. 工业的)143.

information 信息144. instrument 仪器145. institute学院

146. inspire激励 (inspiration n. inspiring鼓舞人心的, inspired受鼓舞的)147.

interest 兴趣 interesting有兴趣的 be interested in对„感兴趣148. interrupt 打断149. judging from 根据„来判断150. introduce介绍 (introduction n.)

151. regular规则的 irregular 不规则的152. journey旅程153. judge判断

(judgment) 154. kindergarten幼儿园155. knowledge 知识

156. labor/labour劳动157. late 迟的 late1y最近158. laugh笑 laughter笑声159.

law法律 lawyer律师 legal合法的 illegal非法的 160. library 图书馆 librarian图书馆理员

161. lose掉失,（lost ，lost） loss损失 n.162. luck 幸运 lucky幸运的 luckily幸运地163. magazine杂志164. majority (大多数)165. weather天气

166. manage 设法 (manager经理, management管理) manage to do 设法做到..167. market(市场) supermarket超市168. marriage 结婚 (marry v. 结婚，married已婚的) get married to 与某人结婚169. material(s)材料)170. whisper 低语

171. mayor市长172. mean (意味、打算) meaning 意义 meaningful 有意义的173.

measure测量 174. medal 奖章 (比较：model 模型 metal 金属)175. memory记忆力 (memorize v. 记住，remember 记得)

176. message 口信177. musician 音乐家178. modern现代的179. modest谦虚的180. monitor 班长

181. moustache 胡子182. murder谋杀 (murderer 凶手)183. music 音乐

musical音乐的 184. mysterious 神秘的 (mystery 神秘)185. nationality国籍

(nation 国家，national国家的)

186. nature 自然 natural自然的)187. naughty 淘气的188. normal 正常的189. it

is necessary for sb to do sth 某人有必要做某事190. necessary 必要

191. obey (遵守) break 违反192. obvious 明显的 obviously 明显地193. offer主动提供) offer to do sth主动做某事194. operate动手术 operation手术195.

opportunity 机会（=chance）

196. ordinary 普通的197. organize/organise(组织) organization组织198.

particularly 特别是199. passenger 旅客200. problem难题 question问题

201. patience耐心patient耐心的；病人 (patiently耐心地)202. wealth财富203.

perfect 完美（的） (perfectly) Practice makes perfect.熟能生巧204. perform (表演)205. perhaps 或许

206. period 时期207. permit 许可 vt permission许可 n208. persuaded(说服)209. phenomenon 现象 phenomena 现象（复数）210. physicist 物理学家

211. pilot (飞行员)212. poisonous 有毒的 (poison)213. political 政治的

(politics)214. popular受欢迎的215. population人口

216. position 职位217. possibility(-ies)可能性 (possible 可能的)218. poverty 贫穷n (poor贫穷的 )219. waste (浪费) It’s a waste to do sth 做某事时一种浪费220.

practice实践 practical (可实施的，实际的)

221. prepare（准备) preparation222. press 压/按 pressure(压力)223. pretend假装 pretend to do sth 假装做某事224. professor 教授225. profit 利润

226. progress进步 make good progress进步很大227. pronounce发音

pronunciation (n.发音)228. provide 提供 (比较：supply/ provide sb with sth offer

sb sth提供某人某物,229. public 公众230. purpose目的 on purpose故意地

231. quality质量/素质232. quantity（数量233. realize (实现vt) reality n.现实234.

receive 收到235. recently(最近= lately)

236. recycle( 循环再用)237. recognize 认出238. regards 问候 give my regards

to sb请带我向某人问候239. remind提醒 remind sb of sth 提醒某人某物240.

repeat vt.重复(repetition n.重复)

241. respect尊敬242. restaurant 餐馆243. temperature温度244. satisfaction满意 (satisfy, satisfied, satisfying)245. umbrella(雨伞)

246. Saturday(星期六)247. scientific 科学的248. scientific科学的249. secretary秘书250. secretly (秘密地)

251. separately单独地252. separate (单独的adj、分开vt)253. serious 严重的

(seriously)254. serve (v) – service (n)服务255. shortcoming缺点

256. silence 安静 (silent安静的-silently安静地)257. succeed (vi) 成功success (n)

成功 successful (adj) 成功的 successfully (adv) Succeed in doing sth 成功做某事（=be successful to do sth）258. similar 类似的 (similarity –ies相似之处)259.

situation形势/情况260. slightly(稍微)

261. society 社会 (social adj. 社会的)262. southern(南方的) northern北方的

western 西方的 eastern 东方的263. special特别的264. species 物种 (单复数同形)265. spring春天

266. square 平方267. steal –stole --stolen(偷)268. straight(直的)269. suit合适

suitable合适的270. support支持/支撑 support the family养家糊口

271. surprise吃惊 to one’s surprise使某人吃惊的是 be surprised at 对..感到吃惊272. surround 包围 surrounding周围的 surroundings环境273. swimming(游泳n.)274. technique 技术 (technical adj. 技术的)275. technology技术

276. theory 理论 in theory 理论上277. thirst 渴n thirsty口渴的adj278.

thorough 彻底的289. total合计280. traffic 交通traffic jam 塞车

281. translate翻译 translation 翻译 translator翻译家282. interpret 解说,

interpreter 口语翻译)283. usual平常的 unusual不寻常的unusually不寻常地284.

unwilling 不愿意 (willing adj. 愿意 will n. 意志) be willing to do 愿意做„285.

vacation假期(=holiday )

286. various各种各样的 (variety n. 种类)287. victim受害者288. victory胜利289.

vocabulary词汇290. voyage航行