Rhetoric in Advanced English

2024年2月8日发(作者：)

高级英语修辞整理

Rhetoric in Advanced English

1. The Middle Eastern bazaar takes you back hundreds—even thousands—of years.

(Metaphor)

2. It grows louder and more distinct, until you round a corner and see a fairyland of dancing flashes, as

the burnished copper catches the light of innumerable lamps and braziers.

(Metaphor)

3. It is a vast, sombre cavern of a room, some thirty feet high and sixty feet square.

(Metaphor)

4. The machine is operated by one man, who shovels the linseed pulp into a stone vat, climbs up nimbly

to a dizzy height to fasten ropes, and then throws his weight on to a great beam made out of a tree

trunk to set the ropes and pulleys in motion.

(Transferred epithet)

5. Quickly the trickle becomes a flood of glistening linseed oil as the beam sinks earthwards, taut and

protesting, its creaks blending with the squeaking and rumbling of the grinding wheels and the

occasional grunts and sighs of the camels.

(Transferred epithet)

6. After three days in Japan, the spiral column becomes extraordinarily flexible.

(Innuendo)

7. Seldom has a city gained such world renown, and I am proud and happy to welcome you to Hiroshima,

a town known throughout the world for its—oysters.

(Anticlimax/ Bathos)

8. But as I looked out over the bow, the prospects of a good catch looked bleak.

(Understatement)

9. According to our guide, the biologist Tom Lovejoy, there are more different species of birds in each

square mile of the Amazon than exist in all of North America—which means we are silencing

thousands of songs we have never even heard.

(Metaphor)

10. A useful system comes from the military, which frequently places a conflict in one of three different

categories, according to the theatre in which it takes place.

(Metaphor)

11. A dress so loud it hurts my eyes.

(通感)

12. Why do some images startle us into immediate action and focus our attention on ways to respond

effectively? And why do other images, though sometimes equally dramatic, produce instead a kind of

paralysis, focusing our attention not on ways to respond but rather on some convenient, less painful

distraction?

(Parallelism)

13. I am the way my daughter would want me to be: … my skin like an uncooked barley pancake.

(Simile)

14. It seems to me I have talked to them always with one foot raised in flight.

(Simile)

15. And she stops and tries to dig a well in the sand with her toe.

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(Metaphor)

16. Maggie’s brain is like an elephant’s.

(Simile)

17. You didn’t even have to look close to see where hands pushing the dasher up and down to make

butter had left a kind of sink in the wood.

(Metaphor)

18. “Mama,” Wangero said, sweet as a bird.

(Simile)

19. Impressed with her they worshiped the well-turned phrase, the cute shape, the scalding humour that

erupted like bubbles in lye.

(Simile)

20. He flew to marry a cheap city girl from a family of ignorant flashy people.

(Metaphor)

21. She gasped like a bee had stung her.

(Simile)

22. It’s really a new day for us.

(Metaphor)

23. I see the Russian soldiers standing on the threshold of their native land ,…

(Metaphor)

24. I see the German bombers and fighters in the sky, still smarting from many a British whipping,

delighted to find what they believe is an easier and a safer prey.

(Metaphor)

25. Behind all this glare, behind all this storm, I see …

(Parallelism)

26. We have but one aim and one single, irrevocable purse.

(Repetition)

27. We are resolved to destroy Hitler and every vestige of the Nazi regime.

(Hyperbole)

28. From this nothing will turn us—nothing.

(Repetition)

29. We will never parley, we will never negotiate with Hitler or any of his gang.

(Repetition, Hyperbole)

30. We shall fight him by land, we shall fight him by sea, we shall fight him in the air, …

(Parallelism)

31. Any man or state who fights on against Nazidom will have our aid. Any man or state who marches

with Hitler is our foe.

(Antithesis)

32. That is our policy and that is pour declaration.

(Parallelism)

33. He hopes, no doubt, that all this may be accomplished before the winter comes, and that he can

overwhelm Great Britain before the Fleet and air-power of the United States may intervene. He hopes

that he may once again repeat, upon a greater scale than ever before, that process of destroying his

enemies one by one by which he has so long thrived and prospered, and that then the scene will be

clear for the final act, without which all his conquests would be in vain.

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(Parallelism, Repetition)

34. …, just as the cause of any Russian fighting for his hearth and home is the cause of free men and free

peoples in every quarter of the globe.

(Alliteration, Metonymy)

35. The house detective’s piggy eyes surveyed her sardonically from his gross jowled face.

(Ridicule)

36. You drove there in your fancy, Jaguar, and you took a lady friend.

(Metonymy)

37. The latter-day Aladdin

(Metaphor)

38. The shows of the future may be the technological great grandchildren of current CD-ROM titles.

(Metaphor)

39. Mark Twain—the mirror of America

(Metaphor)

40. Most Americans remember Mark Twain as the father of Huch Finn’s idyllic cruise through eternal

boyhood and Tom Sawyer’s endless summer of freedom and adventure.

(Metaphor, Hyperbole)

41. I found another Twain as well—one who grew cynical, bitter, saddened by the profound personal

tragedies life dealt him, a man who became obsessed with the frailties of the human race, who saw

clearly ahead a black wall of night.

(Metaphor)

42. Tramp printer, river pilot, Conferderate guerrilla, prospector, starry-eyed optimist, acid-tongued cynic

(Metaphor)

43. The geographic core, in Twain’s early years, was the great valley of the Mississippi River, main artery of

transportation in the young nation’s heart.

(Metaphor)

44. Keelboats, flatboats, and large rafts carried the first major commerce. Lumber, corn, tobacco, wheat,

and furs moved downstream to the delta country.

(Metonymy, Parallelism)

45. The cast of characters set before him in his new profession was rich and varied—a cosmos.

(Metaphor)

46. All would resurface in his books, together with the colourful language that he soaked up with a

memory that seemed phonographic.

(Metaphor)

47. Steamboat decks teemed not only with the main current of pioneering humanity, but its flotsam of

hustlers, gamblers, and thugs as well.

(Metaphor)

48. From them all Mark Twain gained a keen perception of the human race, of the difference between

what people claim to be and what they really are.

(Antithesis)

49. When railroads began drying up the demand for steamboat pilots and the Civil War halted commerce,

Mark Twain left the river country.

(Metaphor)

50. He tried soldiering for two weeks with a motley band of confederate guerrillas who diligently avoided

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contact with the enemy.

(Euphemism)

51. He went west by stagecoach and succumbed to the epidemic of gold and silver fever in Nevada’s

Washoe region.

(Metaphor)

52. For eight months he flirted with the colossal wealth available to the lucky and the persistent, and was

rebuffed.

(Metaphor)

53. From the discouragement of his mining failures, Mark Twain began digging his way to regional fame as

a newspaper reporter and humorist.

(Metaphor)

54. But for making money, his pen would prove mightier than his pickax.

(Metonymy)

55. Mark Twain honed and experimented with his new writing muscles, but he had to leave the city for a

while because of some scathing columns he wrote.

(Metaphor, Transferred epithet)

56. It was a splendid population—for all the slow, sleeper, sluggish-brained sloths stayed at home…

(Alliteration)

57. It was that population that gave to California a name for getting up astounding enterprises and

rushing them through with a magnificent dash and daring and a recklessness of cost or consequences,

which she bears unto this day—and when she projects a new surprise, the grave world smiles as usual,

and says ‘well, that is California all over.’

(Alliteration, Personification)

58. America laughed with him.

(Metonymy, Hyperbole)

59. His raft flight down the Missippissi with a runaway slave presents a moving panorama for

exploration of American society.

(Metaphor)

60. Personal tragedy haunted his entire life, in the deaths of loved ones: …

(Metaphor)

61. Bitterness fed on the man who had made the world laugh.

(Personification)

62. Now the gloves came off with biting satire.

(Allusion)

63. Dictating his autobiography late in life, he commented with a crushing sense of despair on men’s final

release from earthly struggles: …

(Euphemism)

64. A world which will lament them a day and forget them forever.

(Antithesis)

65. The trial that rocked the world

(Hyperbole)

66. Seated in court, ready to testify on my behalf, were a dozen distinguished professors and scientists, …

(Inversion)

67. Darrow had whispered throwing a reassuring arm round my shoulder as we were waiting for the court

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to open.

(Transferred epithet)

68. The case had erupted round my head not long after I arrived in Dayton as science master and football

coach at the secondary school.

(Metaphor, Synecdoche)

69. When I was indicted on May 7, no one, least of all I, anticipated that my case would snowball into one

of the most famous trials in U.S. history.

(Metaphor)

70. By the time the trial began on July 10, our town of 1500 people had taken on a circus atmosphere.

(Metaphor)

71. The streets around the three-storey red brick law court sprouted with rickety stands selling hot dogs,

religious books and watermelons.

(Metaphor)

72. Bryan, ageing and paunchy, was assisted in his prosecution by his son.

(Ridicule)

73. Of the 23 jurors, three had never read any book except the Bible. One couldn’t read.

(Sarcasm)

74. After the preliminary sparring over legalities, Darrow got up to make his opening statement.

(Metaphor)

75. I know what he is here for, too. He is here because ignorance and bigotry are rampant, and it is a

mighty strong combination.

(Sarcasm)

76. Darrow walked slowly round the baking court.

(Transferred epithet)

77. Today it is the teachers, and tomorrow the magazines, the books, the newspapers. After a while, it is

the setting of man against man and creed against creed until we are marching backwards to the

glorious age of the sixteenth century when bigots lighted faggots to burn the men who dared to bring

any intelligence and enlightenment and culture to the human mind.

(Irony)

78. There is some doubt about that.

(Sarcasm)

79. Christian believes that man came from above. The evolutionist believes that he must have come from

below.

(Antithesis)

80. Gone was the fierce fervour of the days when Bryan had swept the political arena like a prairie fire.

(Simile, Inversion)

81. The crowd seemed to feel that their champion had not scorched the infidels with the hot breath of

his oratory as he should have.

(Metaphor)

82. He appealed for intellectual freedom, and accused Bryan of calling for a duel to the death between

science and religion.

(Metaphor)

83. Then the court broke into a storm of applause that surpassed that for Bryan.

(Simile)

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84. DARWIN IS RIGHT-INSIDE

(Pun)

85. n wrote sulphurous dispatches sitting in his pants with a fan blowing on him.

(Transferred epithet)

86. Now Darrow sprang his trump card by calling Bryan as a witness for the defence.

(Metaphor)

87. His reputation as an authority on Scripture is recognized throughout the world.

(Hyperbole)

88. Resolutely he strode to the stand, carrying a palm fan like a sword to repel his enemies.

(Simile, Ridicule)

89. Bryan mopped his bald dome in silence.

(Ridicule)

90. Dudley Field Malone called my conviction a “victorious defeat.”

(Oxymoron)

91. The oratorical storm that Clarence Darrow and Dudley Field Malone blew up in the little court in

Dayton swept like a fresh wind through the schools and legislative offices of the United States,

bringing in its wake a new climate of intellectual and academic freedom that has grown with the

passing years.

(Extended Metaphor)

92. The storm of abuse in the popular press that greeted the appearance of Webster’s Third New

International Dictionary is a curious phenomenon.

(Simile)

93. Never has a scholarly work of this stature been attacked with such unbridled fury and contempt.

(Inversion)

94. Life called it “a non-word deluge”.

(Metaphor)

95. They doubted that ‘Lincoln could have modelled his Gettysburg Address’ on it—a concept of how

things get written that throws very little light on Lincoln but a great deal on Life.

(Sarcasm, Alliteration, Pun)

96. The difference, for example, between the much-touted Second International and the much-clouted

Third International is not like the difference between yearly models but like the difference between

the horse and buggy and the automobile.

(Antithesis, Simile, Assonance)

97. Modern linguistics gets its charter from Leonard Bloomfield’s Language.

(Metaphor)

98. Keep Your Old Webster’s

(Metonymy)

99. But neither his vanity nor his purse is any concern of the dictionary’s.

(Synecdoche)

100. The Post’s editorial fails to explain what is wrong with the definition, we can only infer from ‘so

simple’ a thing that the writer takes the plain, downright, man-in-the street attitude that a door is a

door and any damn fool knows that.

(Sarcasm)

101. But if so, he has walked into one the lexicography’s biggest bobby traps.

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(Metaphor)

102. And anyone who tries to thread his way through the many meanings now included under door

may have to sacrifice brevity to accuracy and even have to employ words that a limited vocabulary

may find obscure.

(Metaphor)

103. Or what of those sheets and jets of air that are now being used, in place of old-fashioned oak and

hinges, to screen entrances and exists?

(Synecdoche)

104. And, sure enough, in the definition which raised the Post’s blood pressure, I found the words …

(Synecdoche)

105. Britania ruess the waves

(Parody, Satire)

106. Passing from the Augusta to the Prince of Wales in King’s barge, over a few hundred yards of still

water, Victor Henry went from America to England and from peace to war.

(Metaphor)

107. Pug was aghast to see cigarette butts and wastepaper in the scuppers, though droves of

bluejackets were doing an animated scrub-down.

(Metonymy)

108. On the superstructure raw steel patches were welded here and there—sticking plaster for wounds

from the Bismark’s salvos.

(Metaphor)

109. Hitler’s bitten off a big bite this time.

(Metaphor)

110. This is the changing of the guard.

(Metaphor)

111. Churchill, a bent Pickwick in blue uniform, looked up at him with majestic good humour, much

older, more dignified, more assured.

(Antonomasia)

112. This plain truth, so simple once agreed on, ran a red line, across every request, every program

every projection.

(Metaphor)

113. This simple yardstick rapidly disclosed the poverty of the ‘arsenal of democracy’.

(Metaphor)

114. You are dry as a bone in your service, aren’t you?

(Metaphor)

115. The President is the source of all Navy regulations, sir, and can tailor them to his desires.

(Metaphor)

116. Blockade, ever-growing air bombardment, and subversion would in time weaken the grip of Nazi

claws on Europe.

(Metaphor)

117. The predicament of England seemed soaked in their bones.

(Metaphor)

118. The war’s a ball game they can watch. You’re the home team, because you talk our language.

(Metaphor)

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119.

120.

121.

In the evening she wears soft rich colours.

(Metonymy)

He says he used to read me.

(Metonymy)

I now perceive that I am gloriously and adolescently silly.

(Oxymoron)

122. The stars seemed little cuts in the black cover, through which a bright beyond was seen.

(Simile)

123. These coasts remind me of people; either they are forbidding and unapproachable, or else they

present no mystery and show all they have at a glance. What I like best are the stern cliffs, with ranges

of mountains soaring behind them, full of possibilities, peaks to be scaled only by the most daring.

What plants of the high altitudes grow unravished among their crags and valleys? So do I let my

imagination play over the recesses of Laura’s character, so austere in the foreground but nurturing

what treasures of tenderness, like delicate flowers, for the discovery of the venturesome.

(Analogy)

124. In what must be one of the loneliest, most forbbding spots on Earth.

(Hyperbole)

125. I explain myself badly, and it is not a sensation I could expect anyone else save Laura to

understand, but of such incommunicable quirks is the private mind made up.

(Inversion)

126. Only a second does it last, that streak of green light; we waited for it while the red ball, cut in half

as though by a knife, sinks to its daily doom.

(Inversion; Metaphor)

127. The winepink width of water merging into lawns of aquamarine, and the sky a tender palette of

pink and blue.

(Metaphor, Transferred epithet)

128. I had no temptation to take a flying holiday to the South and understood little when people spoke

or wrote of sunlight on white walls.

(Transferred epithet)

129. And then I like all the small noises of a ship: the faint creaking, as of the saddle-leather to a

horseman riding across turf, the slap of a rope, the hiss of sudden spray.

(Onomatopoeia)

130. I have been exhilarated by two days of storm, but above all I love these long purposeless days in

which I shed all that I have ever been.

(Transferred epithet)

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