2024年2月8日发(作者:)
lesson 56 Faster than sound
sound
1) n. 声音
the sound of the wind 风声
the sound of the sea 大海的声音
the sound of the car 汽车的声音
the sound of music 音乐之声
the sound of voice 音乐之声
like the sound of one’s own voice 滔滔不绝的讲话(通常指不想听别人讲话)
sound-recording 录音
2) v. 听起来
sound like 听起来像
eg. That music sounds beautiful. 那段音乐听起来很美。、
eg. That music sounds sad. 那音乐听起来很忧伤。
eg. Your explanation sounds reasonable. 你的解释听起来合情合理。
3) adj. ( 睡眠) 酣睡的,香甜的
soundly adv. (睡眠) 酣睡地,香甜地
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sleep soundly 睡得很香,睡得很甜
have a sound sleep 美美地睡了一觉
excitement 【u】n. 激动,兴奋
cause excitement 引起激动
arouse excitement 引起激动
excited v. 使兴奋,刺激
eg. His story excites me very much. 他的故事令我非常激动。
eg. The scene would excite the hardest man to pity. 那个场面就算是铁石心肠的人也会同情地。
eg. His speech excited everyone present to anger. 他的发音激怒了所有在场的人。
excited adj. 感到激动的
an excited mob 激动的人群
exciting adj. 令人激动的
an exciting moment 兴奋的时刻
handsome
1) (指男子)好看的,漂亮的,英俊的,相貌堂堂的
2) (还可修饰事物) 美观的,漂亮的
a handsome horse 一匹很漂亮的马
a handsome building 很漂亮的建筑物
-some 与名词或动词复合构成形容词,描述人或物的特征或属性。
quarrelsome 爱与人争吵的
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bothersome / tiresome 令人讨厌的或惹人恼火的
worrisome 令人担心的
troublesome 麻烦的
wheel
1) n. 车轮,轮子
the wheels of a car 汽车的轮子
2) 方向盘,舵轮 ( steering wheel)
be behind wheel 握着方向盘
sit behind wheel / be at the wheel / sit at the wheel 在开车,在开船;
eg. Will you take the wheel? 你来开车好吗?
eg. America is a country on the wheel. 美国是车轮上的国家。
eg. Australia is a country on the back of sleep. 澳大利亚是羊背上的国家。
wheel chair 轮椅; stretcher 担架;
walking-stick 拐杖,手杖;
explode v. (使) 爆炸,炸开
explode a bomb 引爆一枚炸弹
eg. The fireworks explode in his hand. 爆竹在他手里爆炸了。
eg. At last his anger exploded. 终于他勃然大怒了。
eg. The audience exploded with laughter. 观众轰然大笑。
eg. The audience exploded in laughter. 观众轰然大笑。
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explosion n. 爆炸(声), (愤怒,笑声等)爆发
a bomb explosion 炸弹爆炸声
eg. The explosion was heard a mile away. 爆炸声在一英里之外都能听见。
an explosion laughter 哄堂大笑
course
1) n. 进程,过程
the course of history 历史的进程
eg. The course of learning English is bitter (miserable), but the
result is exciting. 学英语的过程是痛苦的,但结果是令人兴奋的。
2) n. 航线,路线,行程
a southward course 向南的路线
eg. Our course is directly north. 我们的路线是朝正北的。
eg. Many cars broke down on the course. 许多车在路上抛锚了。
eg. The captain set a course for New York. 船长起航去纽约了。
3) n. 课程,课题,讲座
an English course 英语课程
an art course 艺术课程
of course / certainly 当然了
rival n. 对手,竞争者
a business rival 商业对手
violinist without rivals 无与伦比的小提琴家
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rivals in love 情敌
a rival company 同行(业)
eg. As a landscape painter, he is without rival. 作为一个山水画家,无人可与之匹敌。
eg. She has no rivals in this field. 在这个领域里面,她没有对手。
competitor 竞争者
opponent 对手,对方,敌手
contender 竞争者
challenger 挑战者
peer (官阶,等级,地位或功绩同等的人)
match n. 对手,匹敌者
speed
1) n. 速度
at a speed of 50 kilometers an hour 以每小时50 公里的速度
at a very low speed 以很慢的速度
at top speed / at full speed 以全速
eg. More haste, less speed. 欲速则不达。
2) v. (使) 极行,促进
speed – sped – sped
speed up (‘up’ 是向上,速度越来越高即加速) 加速
eg. The fire engine sped along the street. ( fire engine 消防车)
消防车疾行过街道
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eg. Plenty of nourishment will speed your recovery. 多吃补品,你就会恢复得快一些。
speeding n. 超速行驶
a speeding ticket 超速罚款单
a parking ticket 违章停车罚款单
downhill 下坡
uphill 上坡
down- 表方向
downriver 顺流而下; upriver 逆流而上;
downstream 顺流; upstream 逆流;
downwards 朝下; upwards 朝上;
downwind 顺风; upwind 逆风;
downstairs 下楼; upstairs 上楼;
go downhill 恶化,每况愈下;
Benz 奔驰; Rolls-Royce 劳斯莱斯;
Volvo 沃尔沃; Peugeot 标志;
Toyota 丰田; Daewoo 大宇;
Ford 福特; Fiat 菲亚特;
Honda 本田; BMW 宝马;
Audi 奥迪; Cadillac 凯迪拉克;
Key structures:
1. many 以及much 用法:
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1) many 与much 既可用作限定词,又可用作代词;前者修饰可数名词;后者修饰不可数名词。
eg. There isn’t much (限定词) whisky, but you can have a little.
威士忌酒不多了,但你可以喝一点。
eg. There aren’t many (限定词)apples,but you can pick a few.
苹果不多了,你可以摘一些。(a few 修饰可数名词复数)
eg. There isn’t much (pron.) I can do to help him. 我帮不了他多少忙。
eg. Many (pron.)of our products are sold oversea. 我们的许多产品销售到了海外。
2) 表‘许多’还可用a lot of, 【C】,【U】,常用于肯定句中。
eg. What a lot of presents! 多么多的礼物。
eg. I saw quite a lot of her during the holidays. 假期中,我见过他很多次。
eg. There was lots of money in the safe. 保险柜中有很多钱。
a lot of 和lots of 含义一致的,口语中多用lots of.
3) 用于修饰可数名词的有:
many; a great many ; a good many ; a great number of ;
a large number of; few(几乎没有) ; a few (有一点);
用于修饰不可数名词的有:
much ; a good deal of ; a great deal of; little (几乎没有) ; a
little (有一点);
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既可以修饰可数名词,又可以修饰不可数名词的有:
a lot of ; lots of ; plenty of ; a large quantity of ;
large quantities of ;
a great deal of excitement 许多的兴奋;
a great deal of pleasure 大量的乐趣;
many of the cars 许多的汽车;(‘many’代词)
many cars 许多汽车 (‘many’限定词)
a great many of explosions 许多轰鸣声;
2. the same as, be different from
eg. My jacket is the same as yours. 我的夹克和你的夹克是一样的。 = My jacket is like yours. 我的夹克和你的夹克是一样的。
eg. My jacket is different from yours. 我的夹克和你的夹克不一样。 = My jacket isn’t like yours.
Text:
once a year 一年一次; once a week 一星期一次;
once a month 一个月一次;
once 一次; twice 两次; three times 三次; (从三次开始用‘time’表示)
once or twice 一两次;
once 曾经;
eg. We once lived in San Francisco. 我们曾经住在洛杉矶。
enter for 参加
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join in 参加; take part in ; 参加;
handsome (指男子)好看的,漂亮的;英俊的,相貌堂堂的
eg. He is a very handsome young man. 他是一个非常清秀的年轻人。
pretty ,beautiful 指妇女或儿童很漂亮的;
eg. She used to be very pretty as a child. She is now a beautiful
woman. 孩提时代,她很漂亮,现在她是一个漂亮的女子了。
good-looking 好看的;
eg. She is a very good-looking girl, and her boy friend’s
good-looking too. 她是一个好看的女孩,他的男友也很好看。
one of + (pl.)n. ----- 之一
Built in 1885, it was the oldest car taking part.
Built in 1885 过去分词短语做状语 → as it was built in 1885
---- taking part 是现在分词短语作定语修饰‘the oldest car’
take part in --- 参加----比赛;
eg. The professor took no small part in the dispute. 在那次争论中,这位教师参与不少。(用‘no’否定‘small’表示参与不少)
take place (必要事件) 发生;
be held 被召开,被举行
occur / happen (偶然事件) 发生
eg. The next race will take place in a year’s time. 下次比赛一年之后举行。
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a great many + (pl.) 许多,大量
a great many loud explosions 许多喧闹的爆炸声
break down 抛锚,出故障
eg. The telephone system broken down. 电话系统出故障了。
eg. We broke down on the motorway. 我们在高速公路上抛锚了。
break 还有‘休息’的意思
eg. Give me a break! 够了! 住嘴!
without a break 毫无休息地
brake 刹车,闸
put on the brake 踩刹车
spend 花(钱,时间,精力)(于---)
spend sth on ----
eg. He spent all his saving on a new car. 他把所有的积蓄花光,买了一辆新车。
eg. He spent 50 dollars at the supermarket. 在超市里,他花了50美元。
spend ----(in) doing---- 花( 时间/ 金钱);度过
eg. I spent a month in Switzerland last month. 去年夏天我在瑞士呆了一个月。
eg. How did you spend your summer vacation? 你的暑假怎么过的。
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eg. I spent it (in) reading and fishing. 我看书和钓鱼了。
under 和in 在文中表示强烈对比,有讽刺意味,要重读。
reach vt. 到达,达成,达到,伸出手; 拿到
eg. We will reach Beijing tonight. 我们今晚将到达北京。
eg. He reached the end of the novel. 他读完这本小说了。
eg. I can’t reach the shelf. 我够不着那个书架。
arrive 表达到,为vi. 必须用介词in或at,城市,国家,省份等大地方用in; 车站,港口,机场,村庄等小地方用at
arrive in / at
eg. We arrived in New York yesterday. We arrived at the
station in good time. 我们昨天到达纽约,我们及时赶到车站。
much 修饰比较级
much hotter 热得多;
much more expensive 远远贵的多;
much slower 慢得多;
much heavier 沉得多;
eg. She is much better today. 他今天好多了。
eg. That was much best meal I’ve ever tasted. 那是我吃过的最好的一餐了。
eg. My favorite is usually much the most expensive. 我最喜欢的通常是最贵的。
any 代词,任何一个,用于肯定句;
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eg. I think any of his movies would interest you. 我想他的任何一部电影都会让你感兴趣的。
eg. Any of you can apply for the job. 任何人都可以申请这份工作。
at the end of 在----结束时,在----的尽头;
at the beginning of ---- 在 ----开始的时候;
in the end 最后,终于
at last 最后,终于
by the end of ---- 在----结束之前
before the end of ----- 在----结束之前
have trouble in doing sth 做----有困难
eg. He has no trouble in operating the new machine. 操作新机器,他没有任何困难。
was very different from --- 大不相同
---but no less exciting --- (省略形式) 原句为: But it was no less
exciting than modern car races.
not less ----- than 不亚于,不少于
eg. She is not less charming than her daughter.她的魅力不亚于她的女儿。 (暗含着: Her daughter may not be very charming. )
no less ---- than 与----一样,不比-----差(强调双方程度都很高)
eg. A dolphin is no less a clever animal than a dog is. (Both
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are clever.)海豚和狗都是比较聪明的动物。
no less that ---- (相当于 at least) 以上,至少-----;
no more than ---- (相当于 at most) 以下,充其量,至多;
eg. He has no less than 200 dollars. 他至少有200美元。
Exercises:
opponents 对手,敌手,反对者,指同某人对立的敌方;
enemies 敌人。
competitor 竞争者,对手,指比赛中的竞争者;
partner 伙伴,合作者,舞伴;
eg. ___ the discussion the issue of equal pay for women was
raised.
A. in the case of B. in the event of
C. in the course of D. in the way of
分析:在讨论过程中,关于给予妇女同等薪酬的议题被提出。
in the course of 为固定词组,‘在----过程中,在---期间’。
A. 在----事件中;
B. 在----事件中;
C. 在----方法中;
答案:C.
谚语:
1. Love is blind. 爱妻是盲目的; 爱情使人对缺点视而不见。
2. Love me, Love my dog. 爱屋及乌。
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