[理论

[理论

声明：

由于笔者能力有限，难免出现各种错误和漏洞。全文仅作为个人笔记，仅供参考。

笔记内容来源于各类网课

一、概述

编码转义。

二、编码

2.1 URL编码

url的设计者，考虑到安全传输问题，防止url字符丢失，所以选用了相对较小的、通用的安全字母表。另一方面ur的设计者希望url是完整的，有时候需要url中包含除去通用安全字母表之外的二进制数据和字符(比如中文)。所以url引入了一种转义机制，将不安全的字符编码为安全字符再进行传输。

百分号编码: url编码包含一个百分号(%)，后面跟着两个表示字符ASCI码的十六进制数。例如:空格转为“%20”。

2.2 HTML编码

些保留字符出现在文本节点和标签值里是不安全的。比如“<>” 会导致浏览器误认为标签。如果想要正确的显示这些字符，需要使用html编码。

• 实休编码:一般以“&”开头，";"结尾，可以不加";"。如:“<”转为“<”
• 进制编码:“&#"开头，加上字符的数值，“;"结尾，可以不加“,”。 字符的数值可以是任意十进制ascii码或Unicode字符编码。十六进制的数值需要在编码数字前加“x”。如:“<”转为十进制的“<”或十六进制的

2.3 javascript编码

数字形式: u后面加4位16进制数字(或x后加2位16进制数字)，按字符的uncode数值编码，不足位数以零填充。如:“<"转 为“u003c"或“x3c"。其中“u”开 头的Unicode转义方式可以用在字符串之外的位置，其他的不可以。

2.4 JSFuck编码

jsfuck源于一门编程语言brainfuck，主要就是只使用8种特定的符号来编写代码。jsfuck也是沿用了这个思想，它仅使用6种符号来编写代码。它们分别是(、)、+、[、]、!。主要是利用了JS的一些特性构建的。

工具网站：.html

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在浏览器中的控制台，可以执行。

2.4 编码含义