Spring boot项目启动报错 javax.VirtualServerName()Ljava/lang/String

Spring boot项目启动报错 javax.VirtualServerName()Ljava/lang/String

报错

在idea工具内，开始一段时间启动无问题，有一次突然启动springboot报如下错误，可是install成jar启动正常。
启动环境如下：
tomcat版本8.5.15
jdk版本1.8.0_91

urrent.ExecutionException: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [StandardEngine[Tomcat].StandardHost[localhost].TomcatEmbeddedContext[/user]]at port(FutureTask.java:122)at (FutureTask.java:192)at org.ContainerBase.startInternal(ContainerBase.java:939)at org.StandardHost.startInternal(StandardHost.java:872)at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)at org.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1419)at org.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1409)at urrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:266)at urrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1142)at urrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:617)at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745)
Caused by: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [StandardEngine[Tomcat].StandardHost[localhost].TomcatEmbeddedContext[/user]]at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:167)... 6 common frames omitted
Caused by: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [Pipeline[StandardEngine[Tomcat].StandardHost[localhost].TomcatEmbeddedContext[/user]]]at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:167)at org.StandardContext.startInternal(StandardContext.java:5117)at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)... 6 common frames omitted
Caused by: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [org.apache.catalina.authenticator.NonLoginAuthenticator[/user]]at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:167)at org.StandardPipeline.startInternal(StandardPipeline.java:182)at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)... 8 common frames omitted
Caused by: java.lang.NoSuchMethodError: javax.VirtualServerName()Ljava/lang/String;at org.apache.catalina.authenticator.AuthenticatorBase.startInternal(AuthenticatorBase.java:1141)at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)... 10 common frames omitted
2023-11-13 10:25:38.993 [TID: N/A] [Tomcat-startStop-1] ERROR o.ContainerBase -A child container failed during start
urrent.ExecutionException: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [StandardEngine[Tomcat].StandardHost[localhost].TomcatEmbeddedContext[/user]]at port(FutureTask.java:122)at (FutureTask.java:192)at org.ContainerBase.startInternal(ContainerBase.java:939)at org.StandardHost.startInternal(StandardHost.java:872)at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)at org.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1419)at org.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1409)at urrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:266)at urrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1142)at urrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:617)at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745)
Caused by: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [StandardEngine[Tomcat].StandardHost[localhost].TomcatEmbeddedContext[/user]]at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:167)... 6 common frames omitted
Caused by: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [Pipeline[StandardEngine[Tomcat].StandardHost[localhost].TomcatEmbeddedContext[/user]]]at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:167)at org.StandardContext.startInternal(StandardContext.java:5117)at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)... 6 common frames omitted
Caused by: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [org.apache.catalina.authenticator.NonLoginAuthenticator[/user]]at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:167)at org.StandardPipeline.startInternal(StandardPipeline.java:182)at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)... 8 common frames omitted
Caused by: java.lang.NoSuchMethodError: javax.VirtualServerName()Ljava/lang/String;at org.apache.catalina.authenticator.AuthenticatorBase.startInternal(AuthenticatorBase.java:1141)at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)... 10 common frames omitted
2023-11-13 10:25:38.994 [TID: N/A] [main] ERROR o.ContainerBase -A child container failed during start
urrent.ExecutionException: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [StandardEngine[Tomcat].StandardHost[localhost]]at port(FutureTask.java:122)at (FutureTask.java:192)at org.ContainerBase.startInternal(ContainerBase.java:939)at org.StandardEngine.startInternal(StandardEngine.java:262)at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)at org.StandardService.startInternal(StandardService.java:422)at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)at org.StandardServer.startInternal(StandardServer.java:793)at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)at org.apache.catalina.startup.Tomcat.start(Tomcat.java:344)at org.at.TomcatEmbeddedServletContainer.initialize(TomcatEmbeddedServletContainer.java:99)at org.at.TomcatEmbeddedServletContainer.<init>(TomcatEmbeddedServletContainer.java:84)at org.TomcatEmbeddedServletContainer(TomcatEmbeddedServletContainerFactory.java:554)at org.EmbeddedServletContainer(TomcatEmbeddedServletContainerFactory.java:179)at org.t.ateEmbeddedServletContainer(EmbeddedWebApplicationContext.java:164)at org.t.Refresh(EmbeddedWebApplicationContext.java:134)at t.fresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:537)at org.t.fresh(EmbeddedWebApplicationContext.java:122)at org.springframework.fresh(SpringApplication.java:693)at org.springframework.freshContext(SpringApplication.java:360)at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:303)at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:1118)at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:1107)testApp.main(UserApp.java:24)flect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)flect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)flect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)at flect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)at cution.CommandLineWrapper.main(CommandLineWrapper.java:64)
Caused by: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [StandardEngine[Tomcat].StandardHost[localhost]]at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:167)at org.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1419)at org.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1409)at urrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:266)at urrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1142)at urrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:617)at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745)
Caused by: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: A child container failed during startat org.ContainerBase.startInternal(ContainerBase.java:947)at org.StandardHost.startInternal(StandardHost.java:872)at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)... 6 common frames omitted
2023-11-13 10:25:38.994 [TID: N/A] [main] ERROR o.ContainerBase -A child container failed during start
urrent.ExecutionException: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [StandardEngine[Tomcat].StandardHost[localhost]]at port(FutureTask.java:122)at (FutureTask.java:192)at org.ContainerBase.startInternal(ContainerBase.java:939)at org.StandardEngine.startInternal(StandardEngine.java:262)at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)at org.StandardService.startInternal(StandardService.java:422)at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)at org.StandardServer.startInternal(StandardServer.java:793)at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)at org.apache.catalina.startup.Tomcat.start(Tomcat.java:344)at org.at.TomcatEmbeddedServletContainer.initialize(TomcatEmbeddedServletContainer.java:99)at org.at.TomcatEmbeddedServletContainer.<init>(TomcatEmbeddedServletContainer.java:84)at org.TomcatEmbeddedServletContainer(TomcatEmbeddedServletContainerFactory.java:554)at org.EmbeddedServletContainer(TomcatEmbeddedServletContainerFactory.java:179)at org.t.ateEmbeddedServletContainer(EmbeddedWebApplicationContext.java:164)at org.t.Refresh(EmbeddedWebApplicationContext.java:134)at t.fresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:537)at org.t.fresh(EmbeddedWebApplicationContext.java:122)at org.springframework.fresh(SpringApplication.java:693)at org.springframework.freshContext(SpringApplication.java:360)at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:303)at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:1118)at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:1107)testApp.main(UserApp.java:24)flect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)flect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)flect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)at flect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)at cution.CommandLineWrapper.main(CommandLineWrapper.java:64)
Caused by: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [StandardEngine[Tomcat].StandardHost[localhost]]at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:167)at org.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1419)at org.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1409)at urrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:266)at urrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1142)at urrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:617)at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745)
Caused by: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: A child container failed during startat org.ContainerBase.startInternal(ContainerBase.java:947)at org.StandardHost.startInternal(StandardHost.java:872)at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)... 6 common frames omitted

问题分析

Round1 分析

提取关键报错信息如下：

Caused by: java.lang.NoSuchMethodError: javax.VirtualServerName()Ljava/lang/String;

一般情况下发下NoSuchMethodError错误：大多数情况只有两种

1、jar缺失

2、jar冲突

于是点进报错代码，发现存在。Debug时，getVirtualServerName为红色
判定问题为jar冲突，于是进入maven准备去掉多余jar，发现只有一个，甚至去掉后，还是报同样的问题。

Round2 怀疑

这个时候开始怀疑jar冲突方向排查是否正确，甚至产生疑惑。

Round3 切换版本

借鉴使用其他项目时，发现tomcat版本为9 jdk一样，开始怀疑tomcat版本会冲突，这个时候的想法其实已经走偏了，走向不太理智的猜错。因为如果是版本冲突，最开始就会报错。
切换tomcat版本为8.5.43。启动虽然报错但总会发现了曙光：

***************************
APPLICATION FAILED TO START
***************************Description:An attempt was made to call the method javax.VirtualServerName()Ljava/lang/String; but it does not exist. Its class, javax.servlet.ServletContext, is available from the following locations:jar:file:/F:/work/lib/javax.servlet.jar!/javax/servlet/ServletContext.classjar:file:/G://doc/maven/repository/javax/servlet/javax.servlet-api/3.1.0/javax.servlet-api-3.1.0.jar!/javax/servlet/ServletContext.classjar:file:/G://doc/maven/repository/org/apache/tomcat/embed/tomcat-embed-core/8.5.43/tomcat-embed-core-8.5.43.jar!/javax/servlet/ServletContext.classIt was loaded from the following location:file:/F:/ideawork/lib/javax.servlet.jarAction:Correct the classpath of your application so that it contains a single, compatible version of javax.servlet.ServletContext

发现关键错误，因为tomcat版本的问题导致输出错误形式的内容不同，导致未发现关键信息：

报错确定是因为多个servlet-api.jar冲突导致，最初猜想正确。tomcat与jdk对应版本如下：

解决问题

去除多余jar，保留一个，启动成功。

总结

理智分析问题。