Unit4Period2GrammarandusageIntegratedskills(原卷版)(译

2024年2月5日发(作者：)

Unit 4 Looking good, feeling good

Period 2 Grammar and usage & Integrated skills

（译林版2020必修第一册）

01

tand the meanings of restrictive relative clauses with relative adverbs;

2. Summarize the general rules of restrictive relative clauses with relative adverbs;

3. Apply restrictive relative clauses with relative adverbs to specific situations;

a short paragraph about “World Sleep Day"with restrictive relative clauses.

5. Know the advantages and disadvantages of plastic surgery;

6. Summarize the features of the PRE structure;

7. Write an argument essay about plastic surgery with the PRE structure.

02

Ⅰ. 必备单词: 根据提示填写单词或者短语

预习导学

1． n．发作；攻击；抨击 vt.& vi.攻击；侵袭；抨击

2． n．数量

3． n．日程安排，工作计划；时间表

4． adj.消极的，负面的；坏的，有害的；否定的

5. plastic adj. n.

6. surgery n.

7. plastic surgery

8. campus n.

9. guy n.

Ⅱ. 核心单词拓展

n. 报刊, 记者, 新闻界, 出版社 v. 按, 挤, 压; 压榨; 压扁, 压制; 熨平; 挤向前, 奋力前进;催促;逼迫→____________ n. 心理压力,紧张;压力;要求,催促

2．_____________ vi.& vt.是……的原因之一；捐赠，捐献；增加，添加→_____________ n．贡献；捐款；捐赠→_________________n．捐赠者；投稿人

3．_____________n．记忆力，记性；记忆，回忆→_____________vt.记忆，记住

4．_____________n．治疗；对待，待遇；处理→_____________vt.治疗；对待；处理

5．_____________ n．增加，添加；加法→_____________ vt.增加；添加；补充说→_____________adj.附加的，添加的

Ⅲ. 英汉双译短语

1．_____________促成，造成

2．_____________从短期/长期看

3．_____________此外

4. _____________ 唤醒

5. have trouble doing sth. _____________

6. slow down _____________

7. stick to _____________

8. be happy with _____________

Ⅳ.初识语法

1. It is normal for teenagers to be slightly overweight and there is no reason they should

be worried.

2. In a society being thin is often seen as being beautiful, teenagers sometimes turn to

extreme methods to slim down quickly.

3. Do you remember a time you had no worries stopping you from getting a good night’s

rest?

4. They are still growing, and night is the time their bodies grow faster.

5. One of the reasons people fail to get a good night’s sleep is pressure from school or

work.

03

词汇精讲

1. pressure n. 心理压力，紧张；压力；要求，催促

(教材P48)One of the reasons why people fail to get a good night’s sleep is pressure from school

or work. 人们晚上睡不好的原因之一是来自学校或工作的压力。

【归纳拓展】

（1）He does not like to work under pressure.

他不愿做有压力的工作。

（2）Her health bees poor under the pressure of work.

工作的压力使她的身体变差了。

（3）You should remember that even the best student can make mistakes sometimes. So don’t put

too much pressure on yourself.

你应该记住，即使最好的学生有时也会犯错误，所以不要给自己施加太大的压力。

【即时练习】单句语法填空/完成句子①Did your father put pressure you?

②The metal frame tends to twist pressure.

③You’re likely to feel anxious and (pressure)

④Now that the deadline is approaching we all .

因为日期靠近了我们都感到有压力。

2. contribute vi. & vt. 是……的原因之一; 捐赠, 捐献; 增加, 添加

(教材P48)Noise pollution and light pollution in a big cities may also contribute to sleep problem.大城市的噪音污染和光污染也可能导致睡眠问题。

【归纳拓展】

(1)contribute to 促成, 有助于

contribute. . . to. . .

(2)contribution

为……捐献……

n. 贡献; 捐助

make contributions/a contribution to. . . 为……做出贡献

(1)In Song Dynasty China contributed three great inventions to world civilization.

中国在宋朝为世界文明贡献了三大发明。

(2)I hope my suggestions will contribute to solving the problem.

我希望我的建议将有助于解决这个问题。

(3)The Chinese people have made a greater contribution to mankind.

中国人民已经为人类做出了较大的贡献。

[名师指津] contribute to和make a contribution/ contributions to中的to都为介词，后面要接名词、代词或动名词。

【即时练习】单句语法填空/完成句子

①Honesty and hard work contribute success and happiness.

②The government offered the scientist ￥5,000,000 in reward for his great (contribute).

③I am firmly convinced of the significance of honesty, which will contribute to _(build) a

warm and harmonious society.

④Everyone should the environment.

每个人都应当为保护环境做贡献。

3. attack n. 发作；攻击；抨击 vt. & vi. 攻击；侵袭；抨击

(教材P48)

In the long term, they may be at increased risk of having a poor memory, being

overweight and suffering a heart attack.

从长期看, 他们记忆力差、超重和心脏病发作的风险可能会增加。

【归纳拓展】

(1)make an attack on/upon 攻击, 向……进攻

under attack 遭到……的攻击/抨击

(2)attack sb. with sth. 用某物攻击某人

(3)be attacked with. . . (患)病, 得(病)

(1)But before Mac could open the door, the wolf had caught up and jumped to make an attack on

him.

但马克还没来得及打开门, 那只狼就追上了他, 跳起来攻击他。

(2)When a leafy plant is under attack/attacked, it doesn’t sit quietly.

当多叶植物受到攻击时, 它不会坐以待毙。

(3)He was attacked with dysentery from the drinking of dirty water last week.

上周, 他因喝了污水得了痢疾。

【即时练习】单句语法填空/完成句子

①Don’t walk alone in the street after dark, or you may get (attack).

②When an animal is attack, it can run away or fight back.

③The general manded that the soldiers (should) the enemy.

将军命令士兵对敌人发起进攻。

④The baby is in a poor health, and it a disease.

婴儿的身体状况很差，经常患病。

4. memory n. 记忆力, 记性; 记忆, 回忆

（教材原句P48）In the long term, they may be at increased risk of having a poor memory, being

overweight and suffering a heart attack. 从长远来看，他们记忆力差、超重和心脏病发作的风险可能会增加。

【归纳拓展】

(1)in memory of

in one’s memory

为了纪念

在某人的记忆中

have a good/bad memory for

(2)memorize

对……的记忆好/差

vt. 记住

(1)In memory of our happy times here we’ve planted a little garden. 为了纪念我们在这里的美好时光, 我们建造了一座小花园。

(2)This small town used to be quiet and beautiful in my memory.

在我的记忆中, 这个小镇曾经是宁静而美丽的。

【即时练习】完成句子

①She names.

她对名字有极好的记忆力。

②Judges will choose up to 50 honorable mention winners, who will each receive a Tshirt

_____________ Earhart’s final flight.

评委将最多选出50名优秀奖得主, 每人将获得一件纪念埃尔哈特的最后一次飞行的T恤衫。

5. amount n. 数量

（教材原句P49） Everyone knows that the amount of quality sleep that we get is important to us.

每个人都知道我们获得的高质量睡眠对我们很重要。

【归纳拓展】

(1)I had not expected such an amount of praise.

我没料到会受到这么多赞扬。

(2)A large amount of damage caused by floods has been reported in the past few days.

在过去的几天内已经报道了洪水造成的大量损失。

(3)You’ll never amount to anything if you spend your time that way!

你要是老这样消磨时间，将一事无成！

[名师点津]

（1）a large (small) amount of/large (small) amounts of后面的名词只能是不可数名词，但当它们作主语时，句子的谓语动词要与amount的单复数形式保持一致。即：“a large amount of＋不可数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数；“large amounts of ＋不可数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用复数。

（2）表示“大量的”短语还有a large number of, a great deal of, plenty of, a large quantity of 等。①a great deal of只能修饰不可数名词；②a large number of只能修饰可数名词复数；③a lot of,

plenty of, a large quantity of既可以修饰可数名词，也可以修饰不可数名词。

【即时练习】单句语法填空/完成句子

①Large amounts of my pocket money ________________ (be) spent buying new books last year.

②A great amount of homework (have) to be done every day, so large quantities of

students time are (be) occupied.

③He must memorize large (amount) of material.

④ spent on the project.

这个工程耗费了巨额资金。

6. schedule n. 日程安排, 工作计划; 时间表

（教材原句P49）Try to stick to your sleep schedule at the weekend too, even though weekends

are probably the time when you feel like a liein. 尽量在周末也坚持你的睡眠时间表，即使周末可能是你想睡懒觉的时候。

(1)ahead of schedule

on schedule

(2)schedule

提前

按时, 按时间表

vt. 安排; 为……安排时间

be scheduled to do sth. 按计划/被安排做某事

as schedule 如期, 按计划

(1)The new bridge has been finished two years ahead of schedule. 这座新桥提前两年落成。

(2)The activity is scheduled to begin at 8: 00 a. m. and end at 10: 30 a. m. , lasting more than

two hours. 活动定于上午8点开始, 10点30分结束, 持续两个多小时。

(3)As (it is) scheduled, the activity will be held in the hall of the City Museum from 8: 00 am to

6: 00 pm next Sunday. 按照安排, 活动将于下周日上午8点至下午6点在城市博物馆大堂举行。

【即时练习】单句语法填空/完成句子

①The train is schedule. You’ll have to wait another fifteen minutes.

②The plane didn’t arrive schedule because of the heavy fog.

③Our guests are scheduled (arrive) at 7：30 this evening.

④Because of the weather, the sports meeting was held a week ahead of schedule.

由于天气原因，运动会提前一周召开。

短语精讲

in the short/long term 从短期/长期看

(教材P48)

In the short term, people with sleep problems often feel tired and have trouble

concentrating. 从短期看, 有睡眠问题的人经常感到疲倦, 难以集中注意力。

【归纳拓展】

(1) Read some English every day, and your English will improve in the long term.

每天读些英语，从长远来看你的英语会提高的。

(2) In the short term, the medicine may not be very effective.

从短期来看，这药可能疗效不是很大。

(3) Let each child read in terms of his own tastes and choices.

让每个孩子根据自己的兴趣爱好选择书籍阅读。

【即时练习】单句语法填空/完成句子①We should cut our expense the long term.

②The country is very poor and it has to e to terms the neighbouring countries.

③We are good terms with all our neighbours.

④I feel sure that ability and experience, you are absolutely suited to the position.

我相信从能力和经验来看，你绝对适合这个职位。

语法精讲

关系副词在引导定语从句时, 其功能相当于介词短语, 在从句中作状语。引导定语从句的关系副词有when、where、why。

1. 关系副词when引导的定语从句

关系副词when引导定语从句时, 先行词应是表示时间的名词, 如time, day, hour, year等。关

系副词在从句中作时间状语。

*(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)But like all performances, there are moments when things go wrong.

但就像所有的表演一样, 总有出错的时候。

*(2019·江苏高考)We have entered into an age when dreams have the best chance of ing true.

我们已经进入了一个时代, 在这个时代梦想实现的机会最大。

【名师点晴】

when/which/that引导定语从句表时间

when是关系副词, 在从句中只能作时间状语, 而不能作宾语或主语。关系词如果在从句中作主语或宾语要用关系代词which或that。

①Do you remember the days when we chatted with each other all night?

你还记得我们整夜聊天的那些日子吗? (when在从句中作状语)

②Do you remember the days that/which we spent together on the farm?

你还记得我们在农场一起度过的那些日子吗? (that或which作spent的宾语)

【即时练习】单句语法填空

①At the age other people retire, Francis began the greatest cause in his life.

②There are occasions one must yield.

③I have forgotten the exact date the country became independent.

④I like to look back on my highschool days, were the happiest in my life.

2. 关系副词where引导的定语从句

关系副词where引导定语从句时, 先行词应是表示地点的名词, 如place, factory, house,

village等或表示抽象地点的名词point, situation, condition, stage, case等。关系副词在从句中作地点状语。

*(2021·浙江高考)There are two parks less than 10 minutes’ walk from home where

neighbourhood children gather to play.

从家里步行不到10分钟的地方有两个公园, 附近的孩子们聚集在那里玩耍。

*Selfdriving is an area where China and the rest of the world are on the same starting line.

自动驾驶是中国和世界上其他国家都处于相同起跑线的一个领域。

*(2019·天津高考)Their child is at the stage where she can say individual words but not full

sentences. 他们的孩子正处于这样的阶段, 她只会说单个的词不会说完整的句子。

【名师点晴】

where/which/that引导定语从句表地点

若表示地点的先行词在从句中作地点状语, 用where来引导定语从句; 若作主语或宾语, 应用which或that来引导定语从句。

*This is the house which/that was built by my grandfather forty years ago.

这是我爷爷在40年前建造的房子。(定语从句中缺少主语, 所以用which/that, 不用where)

*The school which/that we visited yesterday is newly built. 我们昨天参观的那所学校是新建的。(关系代词which/that在从句中作宾语)

【即时练习】单句语法填空

①You have reached the point a change is needed.

②In an hour, we can travel to places would have taken our ancestors’ days to

reach.

③This is the town I wanted to visit most.

④When he stood in front of the house he grew up as a child, he saw a lady standing

in the entrance.

3. 关系副词why引导的定语从句

关系副词why引导定语从句时, 先行词常常为reason, 关系副词在从句中作原因状语。

*I don’t know the reason why he didn’t turn to his good friend for help yesterday.

我不知道昨天他为什么没向他的好朋友求助。

*The reason why he didn’t e to the party is that he didn’t want to see Jane.

他不来参加聚会的原因是他不想见到简。

【名师点晴】

why/which/that引导定语从句表原因

若先行词reason在从句中作原因状语, 用why来引导定语从句; 若其在从句中作主语或宾语,

应用that或which来引导定语从句。

①I won’t listen to the reason that/which you have given us. 我不会听你给我们的理由。

②What you really need to do is figure out the reason why/for which you fail the exam.

你真正需要做的是找出你考试失败的原因。

【即时练习】单句语法填空

(1)用适当的关系代词或关系副词填空

①I know the reason he explained at the meeting.

②Tell me the reason he refused to listen to my advice.

③He wrote a letter he explained what had happened in the accident.

④They will run an afterclass club kids can have fun and learn how to protect

themselves.

⑤We are living in an age QR codes(二维码)are being more and more popular in our

daily life.

⑥Stephen Hawking believed that the earth is unlikely to be the only planet life has

developed gradually.

(2)句型转换

①There are many reasons why people like travelling.

→There are many reasons people like travelling.

②We all look forward to the day when the scientists can discover more secrets of the universe.

→We all look forward to the day the scientists can discover more secrets of the

universe.

③He just shrugged, smiled a bit and went to the room where my first lecture was about to take

place.

→He just shrugged, smiled a bit and went to the room my first lecture was about to

take place.

单元写作

写一篇发表观点类的文章

1. 话题特点

发表观点类文章是对某一事件或社会现象发表个人观点和看法的文章, 属议论文。通常分成三个部分来写: 提出问题、分析问题、得出结论。

2. 话题词汇

(1)increasingly popular

(2)bear the risk of

(3)in my view

越来越流行

承担……的风险

依我看

(4)hold the idea that. . . 持有……观点

不同的美感

终生的疼痛

(5)various senses of beauty

(6)a lifelong pain

(7)satisfy one’s appetite for

(8)boost one’s confidence

(9)facial expression

3. 话题句式

(1)描述现象

满足某人对……的欲望

增强某人的信心

面部表情

More and more people choose to take the plastic surgery to make themselves look more perfect.

越来越多的人选择接受整形手术, 让他们自己看起来更完美。

(2)表达观点

①Every coin has two sides. 事物都有两面性。

②After the surgery, there are always side effects, which haunt people all the time.

手术过后, 总会有副作用, 它们会一直困扰着人们。

(3)得出结论

①Outer beauty is only skindeep, as the saying goes.

就像俗语所说的那样, 外在美不过是肤浅的。

②The real beauty is from the soul.

真正的美丽是从心灵散发出来的。

【案例分析】

现在做整容手术很流行。假设你是李华, 你的英国好友Peter来信向你询问你周围的同学以及你对整容的看法。请你给他写一封回信。内容包括:

1. 持支持态度的人的看法和理由;

2. 持反对态度的人的看法和理由;

3. 你的看法。

注意: 1. 词数80左右;

2. 可以适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯。

【参考范文】

Dear Peter,

I am writing to share what my classmates and I think of the plastic surgery.

A small part of my classmates think it a good choice for people to improve their physical

appearance and boost their confidence. However, most of my classmates hold a different opinion.

They think the risk of injury in plastic surgery can’t be ignored by us. A failed surgery will make

people look unnatural and they will be unable to make certain facial expressions.

As for me, our inner world is much more important than our appearance. So plastic surgery is

unnecessary, and we should love ourselves just the way we are.

Yours,

Li Hua

4

05

re n. 心理压力，紧张；压力；要求，催促→press n. 报刊; 记者们; 新闻界; 通讯社#强迫征兵v. 按, 挤, 压; 榨出; 压碎, 压破; 熨平; 挤向前, 奋力前进;

bute vi. & vt. 是…的原因之一；捐赠，捐献；增加，添加→contribution n．贡献，促成因素；捐赠→contribute to 促成，造成

3. in the short/long term 从短期/长期看

4. memory n. 记忆力，记性；记忆，回忆

n. 发作；攻击；抨击vt. & vi. 攻击；侵袭；抨击

n. 数量

le n. 日程安排，工作计划；时间表

ve adj. 消极的，负面的；坏的，有害的；否定的

c adj. 可塑的，塑料的n. 塑料

y n. 外科手术→plastic surgery 整形手术；整形外科

n. (大学、学院的)校园，校区

ent n. 治疗，对待，待遇；处理→treat v. 视为, 论述, 对待; 交涉, 协商, 谈判

n. 小伙子，家伙

on n. 增加，添加；加法→ additional adj. 额外的，增加的→in addition 此外

06

Ⅰ单词拼写

1. The new sports centre will take the (压力) off the old one.

2. His healthy lungs were (侵袭) by the coronavirus.

3. If you add all these (数量) together you get a huge figure.

4. Sometimes ignorance and n outlooks on situations can create anger.

can see from these examples that many people could benefit from a flexible work

s .

6.

Physical and mental health c to longevity.

7. The Dragon Boat Festival is in m of a Chinese poet.

8. After numerous experiments, some doctors have made a breakthrough in the t of cancer.

9. In a to watching the food on display ,visitors to CIIE(进博会) can also taste food

cooked on the spot.

10. It takes hundreds of years of (塑料to break down, but much less time for paper.

Ⅱ单句语法填空

1. The reason he is late is that there was a breakdown on the railway.

2. It’s on the festival occasions the family get together that he misses his late father.

3. He has reached the point he can solve almost every software problem.

4. The film brought the hours back to me I was taken good care of in that faraway

village.

5. Students should involve themselves in munity activities they can gain experience for

growth.

6. He didn’t tell me the reason he was so excited.

7. We visited the car factory my uncle once worked three years ago.

8. Maria has written two novels, both of have been made into television series.

9. Do you still remember the day we met on the train for the first time?

10. World War Ⅱ during millions of people were killed ended in 1945.

Ⅲ.完成句子

1. We are living in an age on the puter.

我们生活在可以在电脑上做许多事情的时代。

2. After graduation he returned to the small town .

毕业以后, 他回到那个他长大的小镇上。

3. This is the house .

这是一个星期前他们住过的房子。

4. The reason is that he often tells lies.

我不信任他的原因是他常常撒谎。

5. was that he was ill in bed.

他不能到那里去的原因是他卧病在床。

6. I’ll never forget the days .

我永远也不会忘记和你一起工作的日子。

Ⅳ. 应用文写作

为了让同学们远离疾病, 保持身体健康, 你班将举行一次英语班会, 主题为“How to Be

Strong and Healthy”。请你根据下面的提示写一篇发言稿。

存在问题: 部分学生身体素质差。

解决办法: 1. 充足的睡眠;

2. 加强锻炼, 增加户外活动;

3. 按时吃饭, 少吃零食。

注意: 1. 词数80左右(开头已给出, 但不计入总词数);

2. 可适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯。

How to Be Strong and Healthy

It is obvious that some students are neither in good health nor full of energy. __

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