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2022-2023学年湖北省襄阳市第四中学高二上学期期中考试英语试题

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2024年2月8日发(作者：)

A Wild Child's Guide to Endangered Animals

From New York Times bestselling author Millie Marotta comes this gorgeous celebration of the

animal kingdom. Highlighting 43 endangered species, the book takes readers on a trip around the

world while learning about rare and well-known animals and their habitats.

Marcovaldo

Marcovaldo is a collection of 20 short stories written by Italo Calvino. Describing the life of a poor

rural man living in northern Italy, the stories unfold according to the seasonal cycle of a year.

Common themes in the stories include pollution, failure and poverty.

The Art of Mondo

Over the years, Mondo has received global recognition for its incredible art posters that bring to life

classic films, television shows, and comics such as Jurassic Park. For the first time, The Art of

Mondo brings together this highly sought-after art in one volume that showcases the incredible

creativity of the studio's artists whose vastly different styles are united by one guiding principle:

limitless passion for their subject matters.

The Coming of the Third Reich

There is no story in 20th-century history more important to understand than Hitler's rise to power

and the collapse(坍塌) of civilization in Nazi Germany. The Coming of the Third Reich, by Richard

Evans, offers a masterful combination of academic work, important new research and interpretations.

Patriarchy and Capitalism

Chizuko Ueno, a leading Japanese sociologist, feminist critic and public intellectual, has been a

pioneer in women's studies and the author of many books, including Patriarchy and Capitalism.

1. Which book will you choose if you are interested in art?

A． Marcovaldo .

C． The Coming of the Third Reich .

2. Who cares about women's rights and interests?

A．Millie Marotta.

C．Richard Evans.

3. What is the main purpose of the text?

A．To introduce art forms.

C．To recommend quality books.

2. Learning to say “yes, and”

B．To remember five writers.

D．To compare different cultures.

B．Italo Calvino.

D．Chizuko Ueno.

B． The Art of Mondo .

D． Patriarchy and Capitalism .

When I first heard about the improvisation (即兴交流) class, I was hesitating. As a quiet and shy

girl, I feared improvising in front of strangers. However, I knew I wanted to work as a science

communicator after finishing my Ph.D., so it seemed like a perfect chance to learn how to speak and

communicate with others effectively. I signed up, knowing the experience would give me help.

During our first class, we learned an important concept of improvisation: “yes, and.” It means that,

as improvisers, we’d better accept what fellow performers say. If someone says that rhinos (犀牛)

are librarians, for example, then rhinos are librarians. We do not question the logic; we say “yes”

and then continue with the scene as if nothing is wrong.

The first few scenes were hard, but as weeks turned into months, I became more comfortable and

even started to enjoy our classes. I became better at listening, relating to my conversation partners,

and communicating clearly in the moment. Once when I was giving a presentation about my science,

an audience member surprised me with a question that didn’t grow out of the information I’d

presented. Instead of getting confused and nervous, I took the “yes, and” approach—accepting the

question and letting my mind focus on why it was asked. That helped me find an appropriate answer.

I got pretty excited about it.

The benefits of improvisation go beyond communication. Before attending the class, I would get

stuck when my experiments produced unexpected data, thinking that I had made a mistake. But now,

instead of getting discouraged, I will stay open to the possibility that the results are real, keep

exploring the data and end up identifying a new type of cell—one that isn’t behaving as expected.

I think all scientists can benefit from this lesson. If the data say rhinos are librarians, then it’s worth

finding out whether rhinos are, in fact, librarians. As scientists, our job isn’t to challenge data that

support, a preconceived story, but to say “yes, and.”

1. Why did the author attend the improvisation class?

A．To get a different experience.

B．To finish her Ph.D. at university.

C．To give up her job as a science communicator.

D．To improve her speaking and communicating ability.

2. What was the author’s change after attending the improvisation class?

A．She formed her own idea quickly.

B．She came up with lots of creative responses.

C．She paid more attention to the logic of answers.

D．She became a good listener before giving an opinion.

3. The author mentions applying the “yes, and” approach to her scientific experiments to ________.

A．explain the process of using the method

B．prove the benefits of the improvisation class

C．share her own research experiences with readers

D．attract fellow scientists to attend the improvisation class

4. What can be inferred about scientists from the last paragraph?

A．They should attend the improvisation class.

B．They should question all preconceived ideas.

C．They should carry on research by admitting earlier data.

D．They should try to improve their academic knowledge.

3. To look inside an ant nest is to meet with an alien civilization. The mass of worker ants beneath

an upturned stone is both strangely reminiscent of (联想到) human society and strikingly different.

There is an organization that fascinates us and a long line of myrmecophiles (or ant lovers) leads

back all the way to King Solomon, who in fact advised people to “go to the ant, consider her ways

and be wise”. This was exactly the inspiration behind Planet Ant, a TV program showcasing what

we know about the kingdom of ants, and what ants can teach us about the human world.

Like us, ants build structures, find food, defend their societies and manage waste, and — also like us

— they must be well organized. For example, the leaf-cutting ants of Planet Ant have special waste

disposal areas for storing harmful waste and a team of “waste-disposal ants” are dedicated to

keeping the nest clean. But ants achieve this familiar final result in a very different way to humans.

Human societies have centralized control. In other words, someone tells us what to do. Ants, on the

other hand, have decentralized control and neither the queen nor any other ant directs work. Ant

workers are the final self-starters, following specific, but potentially flexible, rules in certain

situations.

Chemical trails support much of this self-organization. Foragers (觅食者) lay a mix of chemicals

known as the trail pheromone (信息素) behind them as they walk. Other ants follow the trail and if

they find food they reinforce it, laying more pheromones as they return to the nest. Stronger trails

are more likely to be followed, so trails leading to food become gradually reinforced, while trails

with no food in the end fade away.

This produces an effective foraging system that is very good at finding the quickest routes to food.

This simple guiding principle, and others like it, have provided some useful solutions to the complex

problems faced by engineers, computer scientists and businesses.

1. Why does the author mention King Solomon in the first paragraph?

A．To provide a background.

C．To stress the wisdom of ants.

2. How do ants behave while performing tasks?

A．They get orders from their partners.

C．They strictly follow the queen’s orders.

B．They choose to do only routine tasks.

D．They follow their own senses and certain

B．To show admiration for him.

D．To explain an abstract theory.

rules.

3. What information can we get about the trail pheromone from the text?

A．It comes from the food resources.

C．It leads the following ants to food.

B．It appears before ants’ self-organization.

D．It helps ants find their way back home.

4. Who does ants’ approach to finding food appeal to?

A．Nature lovers.

4. It has been known for some time that children are able to learn at breathtaking speed. But how

does it work? That’s what researchers have now found out. Using an artificial intelligence tool and

an eye-tracker that tracks the movements of a baby’s eyes, scientists from the Thunders Research

Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior investigated one of children’s greatest mysteries and

came to a surprising conclusion.

It may seem very different, but babies are certainly not lying around randomly. “Babies don’t

explore the world by chance, with their eyes falling on it. Babies have a strategy if they want to

understand the world. First, they look for those pieces of information that allow them to understand

other information faster and more efficiently. On the contrary, if they see an object or event from

which they can learn nothing further, they simply reject it. Only the information useful to them, they

select.” says Dr Francesco Poli.

That sounds easier, even for a baby, than done. But how does a baby know what is important and

what is not?

“Let’s take a good example: learning to talk. What we see as always is that babies who are about to

say their first word begin to investigate a few weeks before how to use their mouths to talk. Instead

of looking at the eyes in faces, they study carefully for weeks the mouths of the people who talk to

them. So they are in a constant state of maximum learning capacity!”

“Babies build their knowledge. They are like little scientists who like to see their idea challenged.

For example, they learn very quickly that objects fall down and don’t just disappear. And this is why

they love bubbles (泡沫) so much: they do float up and then disappear!”

1. What is the surprising conclusion about children?

A．They explore the world purposefully.

C．They are breathtakingly fast learners.

B．They are attracted to all information.

D．They possess exceptional intelligence.

B．Engineers. C．Biologists. D．Explorers.

2. What does the underlined word “that” in Paragraph 3 refer to?

A．Studying further.

C．Learning strategically.

3. Why can bubbles fascinate babies greatly?

A．They make little scientists’ life colorful.

B．They challenge babies’ existing cognition.

B．Observing the world.

D．Understanding information.

C．They prove what babies have just learned. D．They float up quickly and don’t just

disappear.

4. Which word can best describe baby learners according to the author?

A．Confident and optimistic.

C．Consistent and persistent.

5. Have you imagined making an attractive garden which will be the reason for your neighbors’

envy?

1 But not every one of them has the talent for making it happen. However, if there’s one thing they

DO know, it’s how to make a simple cup of tea. As for the used teabags, most of them find they’re

on the landfill site, but no longer! Your used teabag can work wonders in your garden by your

simply burying it. 2 Continue to read what it does.

If you have ever tried to grow some seedlings (幼苗), then you know that this can be quite

challenging. Not all seeds can grow into seedlings, even though you have tried so hard. But don’t

worry. Here is good news. 3 And what you need just involves a used teabag.

By burying a teabag in your garden, you will provide nutrition to the soil, offering necessary food to

the plants. In this way, your plants will be healthier and grow quicker. This is because tea works as a

natural fertilizer (肥料) for the soil. The teabag itself is usually made from fibres from the abaca

plant, which is a type of banana plant. The bag breaks down with its contents. 4

If you bury a teabag close to the roots of your plants, it will help store water in the soil. If there’s

one thing important for plants, it’s water! What’s more, weeds are not wanted in your garden. 5 By

burying a used teabag in the earth, you’ll make it a lot harder for the weeds to grow alongside your

healthy plants.

A．A teabag is a great answer.

B．It does work though it sounds strange.

C．Making a beautiful garden requires efforts.

D．A beautiful garden is something most people enjoy.

E．There is one way to help your seedlings grow better.

F．A simple teabag is likely to do wonders for your seeds.

G．That will create a healthy environment for plants to grow in.

6. As a nurse, Fawcett jumps around from the emergency room to the COVID-19 units upstairs. The

unique ________ has allowed her to see all aspects of the disease — from patients on their death

beds to those ________ enough to recover. But her fellow nurses in the emergency room have been

so ________ and helpless, who don’t see any light at the end of this dark tunnel. “The patients are

just ________,” the nurse said.

B．Observant and capable.

D．Dynamic and responsible.

At a morning meeting, Fawcett decided to ________ what she witnessed with her fellow nurses. It

really gives them a little ________ in their step. Fawcett has worked overtime since an old man was

admitted. “This man came in, looking very________. His wife was accompanying him,” she

recalled, “We cried together and ________ together. I did not think he was going to make it.”

However, the turning point came a week later. He had been taken off the ventilator (呼吸机) and

was ________. He was sitting in a chair, smiling at his wife! It was just ________.

The________ has become a motivation for the nurses who struggle to keep up their ________

during growing pandemic (流行病). They feel more ________ to everyone there because they’re all

going through this war together. ________ the awesome death rate, they are firmly convinced that

the pandemic will surely pass and everything will ________ be fine.

A．goal

A．fortunate

A．annoyed

A．checking out

A．share

A．development

A．strange

A．shouted

A．returning

10.

A．incredible

11.

A．smile

B．role

B．content

B．surprised

B．settling down

B．discuss

B．encouragement

B．confident

B．prayed

B．struggling

B．irregular

B．comfort

C．habit

C．energetic

C．embarrassed

C．flooding in

C．compare

C．commitment

C．brave

C．argued

C．recovering

C．unreasonable

C．passion

D．desire

D．grateful

D．discouraged

D．holding on

D．match

D．accomplishment

D．weak

D．complained

D．progressing

D．unavoidable

D．enthusiasm

12.

A．standard

13.

A．exposed

14.

A．Due to

15.

A．typically B．probably C．apparently D．eventually

B．Apart from C．In spite of D．In response to

B．connected C．stuck D．locked

B．strength C．spirit D．pace

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Mount Wutai, located in the northeastern part of Shanxi province, is 230 kilometers away from the

provincial capital city Taiyuan. It was named after five peaks that resemble five giant columns (柱子)

1 (rise) straight from the ground. With its high peaks, snow covers for much of the year. Even in

midsummer days it remains cool and pleasant, 2 has given rise to another name: Qingliang

Mountain as 3 ideal place for escaping summer heat.

Mount Wutai is a 4 (unique) beautiful mountain landscape with a cultural heritage that is at least as

5 (value) as the mountain’s natural beauty. 6 (refer) to as one of the four sacred Buddhist

mountains of China, it is home 7 forty-one monasteries (寺院). Within their walls 8 (be) a rich

collection of over 100,000 superb sculptures and paintings, along with a great quantity of Buddhist

cultural relics. For example, the east main hall of the Foguang Temple is the highest wooden

building in China that 9 (survive) since the Tang Dynasty.

Wutai Mountain displays its outstanding 10 (combine) of the natural landscape and Buddhist

culture, religious belief in the natural landscape and Chinese philosophical thinking on the harmony

between man and nature.

假定你是李华，暑假你参加了以“运动和健康”为主题的夏令营活动。最近你的笔友Mike写信询问相关情况，请你回复邮件，内容包括：

1.参加夏令营前你的健康状况；

2.夏令营的活动情况；

3.你的收获。

注意：

1.词数80左右；

2.可以适当增加细节.以使行文连贯。

Dear Mike,

Best wishes!

Yours sincerely,

Li Hua

阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

It was a Saturday afternoon.I was having lunch when Dad told me to get ready. I became unhappy.I

don’t like Saturdays! Even though it’ s a holiday for most children,it is not for me because I need to

go to football club.

Many kids love sports, but I am not one of them.I prefer to stay at home and read. I don’t like

running. so in a team am a bad player. The coach is tired of me and my teammates sometimes think I’

m useless.

I have no idea how to play y ,after practice my teammates would ask me to stay out of

the game and I would just nod.

Last Thursday,the coach told us that we would be competing with some other team in a month and

many people would come to see the game. Our opponents(对手)were the last winner and I froze(呆住)at the thought of the embarrassment()I would face if the team lost because of me.

So I decided to practice hard for the match and I went to practice every single day.

After one month, when the game day came my teammates were reluctant(不愿意的)to take me in

the team,and I also wished to stay away from the ground as well. But as luck would have it they

were short of one player and had no choice but to take me in the team.

Our team was named the Big was a great cheer on our arrival in the field.I got very

game started and within two minutes, I got a blue card. By the time I was allowed back

the score was two goals for each team and the next goal would decide the winning team.

注意:1续写词数应为150左右;

2.请按如下格式在相应位置作答。

When the ball came towards me, I froze.

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All my teammates ran towards me to lift me in the air.

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