ubuntu下修复U盘并格式化

ref:ju.outofmemory/entry/202389

前一段时间U盘分区表被搞坏了，在Win7下没有太好的命令来修复，量产工具也是各种不给力，最后还是在ubuntu下搞定的。这里笔记下使用的工具吧：

查看和修改分区fdisk：

可以使用fdiks查看和修改分区，这里作者就是通过o命令来重置的分区表。

cstriker1407@cstriker1407-x64:~$ sudo fdisk -l #查看当前分区

Disk /dev/sda: 931.5 GiB, 1000204886016 bytes, 1953525168 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x5fb120da

Device     Boot    Start        End    Sectors   Size Id Type
/dev/sda1           2048   19531775   19529728   9.3G 82 Linux swap / Solaris
/dev/sda2  *    19531776 1953523711 1933991936 922.2G 83 Linux

Disk /dev/sdb: 7.5 GiB, 8011087872 bytes, 15646656 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x4a022e4f

Device     Boot Start      End  Sectors  Size Id Type
/dev/sdb1        2048 15646655 15644608  7.5G 83 Linux

cstriker1407@cstriker1407-x64:~$ sudo fdisk /dev/sdb1 #选中U盘分区

Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.25.2).
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.


命令(输入 m 获取帮助)： m #使用m命令查看

Help:

  DOS (MBR)
   a   toggle a bootable flag
   b   edit nested BSD disklabel
   c   toggle the dos compatibility flag

  Generic
   d   delete a partition  #删除分区
   l   list known partition types #查看支持的分区类型
   n   add a new partition  #新建一个分区
   p   print the partition table #打印当前分区表
   t   change a partition type  #更改分区类型
   v   verify the partition table #校验分区表

  Misc
   m   print this menu
   u   change display/entry units
   x   extra functionality (experts only)

  Save & Exit
   w   write table to disk and exit #保存分区并退出
   q   quit without saving changes

  Create a new label
   g   create a new empty GPT partition table
   G   create a new empty SGI (IRIX) partition table
   o   create a new empty DOS partition table
   s   create a new empty Sun partition table

格式为NTFS：

cstriker1407@cstriker1407-x64:~$ fs -f /dev/sdb1 -L MyUSB  #使用fs对U盘进行格式化
cstriker1407@cstriker1407-x64:~$ sudo mkfs -t ntfs /dev/sdb1  #使用mkfs对U盘进行格式化

cstriker1407@cstriker1407-x64:~$ mkfs  #mkfs使用帮助
用法：
 mkfs [options] [-t <type>] [fs-options] <device> [<size>]

选项：
 -t, --type=<type>  filesystem type; when unspecified, ext2 is used
     fs-options     parameters for the real filesystem builder
     <device>       path to the device to be used
     <size>         number of blocks to be used on the device
 -V, --verbose      explain what is being done;
                      specifying -V more than once will cause a dry-run
 -V, --version      display version information and exit;
                      -V as --version must be the only option
 -h, --help         display this help text and exit

For more information see mkfs(8).

cstriker1407@cstriker1407-x64:~$ fs #fs使用帮助

Usage: mkntfs [options] device [number-of-sectors]

Basic options:
    -f, --fast                      Perform a quick format
    -Q, --quick                     Perform a quick format
    -L, --label STRING              Set the volume label
    -C, --enable-compression        Enable compression on the volume
    -I, --no-indexing               Disable indexing on the volume
    -n, --no-action                 Do not write to disk

Advanced options:
    -c, --cluster-size BYTES        Specify the cluster size for the volume
    -s, --sector-size BYTES         Specify the sector size for the device
    -p, --partition-start SECTOR    Specify the partition start sector
    -H, --heads NUM                 Specify the number of heads
    -S, --sectors-per-track NUM     Specify the number of sectors per track
    -z, --mft-zone-multiplier NUM   Set the MFT zone multiplier
    -T, --zero-time                 Fake the time to be 00:00 UTC, Jan 1, 1970
    -F, --force                     Force execution despite errors

Output options:
    -q, --quiet                     Quiet execution
    -v, --verbose                   Verbose execution
        --debug                     Very verbose execution

Help options:
    -V, --version                   Display version
    -l, --license                   Display licensing information
    -h, --help                      Display this help

Developers' email address: ntfs-3g-devel@lists.sf
News, support and information:  tuxera