英语中实义动词

2024年2月6日发(作者：)

英语实义动词语法讲义

IV. ．既可以用作及物又可以用作不及物的动词，其意义不变

continue begin start advance attend aim awake blow bathe insist interrupt read write roll paint ride report seek root

shop face feed hurt gather end clap trade study turn win smoke wash stop try suffer sell shine set sew pay mind join fit

float drop delight develop believe divide forget speak eat drown boil bend breathe burn burst climb collect delay

double dress fly hide lead land learn inch lack meet measure sing mix open organize marry race record drink spread

smooth slow recover ride row improve

call clear shut sink fear teach share help cook break compare crowd remember

V. 既可以用作及物又可以用作不及物的动词，其意义完全不同。

escape part operate reach run rush return search settle shoot strike speed stamp play ring hang smell get manage regret

draw beat light drive match leave move last stand fail succeed shake knock weigh stick

V.主动形式表被动意义的常见动词。基本结构subj+ V+ adv。如，Books of this kind sells well。Your pen writes

smoothly。 Your composition reads well。

sell read write wear keep draw cut tear act lock rent wash break cook clean open work out

VI．常没有被动语态而容易误用被动式的动词。如，Heavy losses were suffered by them。（错）。They suffered

heavy losses。（对）

have fit lack suit hold cost suffer last become stand belong to depend on happen take place break out turn out

VII．英语中一些常用进行时或现在时表将来的动词。如，The meeting begins at 1：30 in the afternoon。 I’ve

won a holiday for two to Florida。I am taking my mum。

come go leave start drive move begin take fall arrive return set off land fly

VIII．英语中一些常用过去完成时或过去时表示未曾实现的愿望，打算或意图。如，

They had wanted to help but couldn’t afford any time。

---Why haven’t you bought any butter?

----I meant to but I forgot about it.

hope expect mean intend suppose want think

IX.形式上主句否定饿而实际上否定转移的动词，这类动词之后可接so或not 代替从句。如，I don’t think they

have made their minds，have’nt they？

Is your brother going with you? I think not .或I don’t think so.

think believe expect imagine suppose fancy

注意：hope guess fear fancy 不能否定转移，只能说 I guess not 而不能说

I don’t guess so 。

X. 常见的只跟带to的动词不定式作宾语的及物动词或短语。

want wish hope expect would like/love care choose learn desire long plan prepare mean design agree promise offer

refuse ask beg demand intend decide determine make up one‘s mind tend bother trouble manage try attempt afford

pretend aim try one’s best have no choice but

注意：动词+疑问词+ to

decide, know, consider forget, learn, remember, show, understand, see, wonder, hear, find out, explain, tell discover

discuss ask

Please show us how to do that.

There are so many kinds of tape-recorders on sale that I can't make up my mind which to buy.

XI. 常见的跟带to的动词不定式作宾补的及物动词或短语。 即，动词+宾语+ (to do)

command compel consider declare drive enable encourage find forbid force

guess hire imagine induce inform instruct invite judge know like

order permit persuade remind report request require select send state

suppose tell think train trust understand urge warn

例句： a. Father will not allow us to play on the street.

b. We believe him to be guilty.

注意： promise know hope demand

常见的不跟带to的动词不定式作宾补的及物动词let, have, make see, watch, look at, notice , observe, hear, listen to,

smell, feel, find

XII．动词及短语后加doing作宾语 V. + doing sth

admit appreciate avoid complete consider delay deny endure enjoy escape

prevent fancy finish imagine mind miss postpone keep practise recall

resist risk suggest face include stand understand forgive excuse

defend involve avoid pardon

admit to prefer…to be used to lead to devote oneself to object to stick to be busy look

forward to to为介词）no good, no use, be worth… give up can't help,

It's no use /good be tired of feel like

be fond of be proud of think of / about put off keep on insist on count on / upon set about be

successful in

good at take up burst out prevent … from…

举例 (1) Would you mind turning down your radio a little, please?

(2) The squirrel was lucky that it just missed being caught.

注意：动词ing形式与不定式语义不同的有12 组：

1 stop to do stop doing

2 forget to do forget doing

3 remember to do remember doing

4 regret to do regret doing

5 be used to do be used to doing

6 try to do try doing

7 go on to do go on doing

8 afraid to do afraid doing

9 interested to do interested doing

10 mean to do mean doing

11 begin/ start to do begin/ start doing

12 can‘t help to do can’t help doing

X．表示"据说"或"相信" 的词组

believe, consider, declare, expect, feel , report, say, see, suppose, think, understand

It is said that… 据说

It is reported that… 据报道

It is believed that… 大家相信

It is hoped that… 大家希望

It is well known that… 众所周知

It is thought that… 大家认为

It is suggested that… 据建议

It is taken granted that… 被视为当然

It has been decided that… 大家决定

It must be remember that…务必记住的是

例句：It is said that she will leave for Wuhan on Tuesday.

It‘s generally believed that teaching is as much an art as it is a science。

Robert is said to have studied abroad，but I don‘t know what country he studied in。

VX.本身含有“使…”的意义的动词.

surprise astonish shock delight worry satisfy please seat disappoint discourage

encourage interest marry frighten tire excite move

VIX．其后常跟宾语从句且从句里用虚拟语气的动词。

order suggest require request demand propose desire insist advise wish